ConsultantCA, Moraga, CA 94556, USA.
Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, NCI‑Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Int J Oncol. 2020 Dec;57(6):1245-1261. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5135. Epub 2020 Oct 16.
Triple‑negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 10‑15% of all breast cancer cases. TNBCs lack estrogen and progesterone receptors and express low levels of HER2, and therefore do not respond to hormonal or anti‑HER2 therapies. TNBC is a particularly aggressive form of breast cancer that generally displays poorer prognosis compared to other breast cancer subtypes. TNBC is chemotherapy sensitive, and this treatment remains the standard of care despite its limited benefit. Recent advances with novel agents have been made for specific subgroups with PD‑L1+ tumors or germline Brca‑mutated tumors. However, only a fraction of these patients responds to immune checkpoint or PARP inhibitors and even those who do respond often develop resistance and relapse. Various new agents and combination strategies have been explored to further understand molecular and immunological aspects of TNBC. In this review, we discuss clinical trials in the management of TNBC as well as perspectives for potential future treatments.
三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）占所有乳腺癌病例的 10-15%。TNBC 缺乏雌激素和孕激素受体，并且 HER2 表达水平较低，因此对激素或抗 HER2 治疗无反应。TNBC 是一种侵袭性较强的乳腺癌，与其他乳腺癌亚型相比，一般预后较差。TNBC 对化疗敏感，尽管其获益有限，但这种治疗仍然是标准治疗。对于 PD-L1+肿瘤或种系 BRCA 突变肿瘤的特定亚组，新型药物的进展已经取得了一定的成果。然而，只有一部分患者对免疫检查点或 PARP 抑制剂有反应，即使是那些有反应的患者，往往也会产生耐药性和复发。为了进一步了解 TNBC 的分子和免疫学方面，已经探索了各种新的药物和联合策略。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 TNBC 管理的临床试验以及潜在未来治疗的展望。
