Department of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071000, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Feb;28(8):10192-10206. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-11358-y. Epub 2020 Nov 10.
With the increasing number of car trips in cities, energy consumption and environmental pollution have become key issues in urban transportation. In particular, the increasing use of private cars not only leads to more energy consumption and produces more waste gas, but also makes the traffic structure unbalanced. Therefore, it is necessary to establish and optimize the reasonable traffic structure in order to promote the sustainable development of urban traffic. Based on the characteristics of different transportation modes, this paper proposes a multi-objective optimization model that maximizes transportation utility, minimizes ecological impact, and minimizes generalized cost. The ideal point method, linear weighting method, and hierarchical sequence method were used to solve and compare the model. It has been concluded that the ideal point method is more suitable for the research of this paper and can be applied to optimize the traffic structure of Beijing. Through example analysis, the optimized urban passenger traffic turnover and sharing rate are more scientific and reasonable, which verifies the feasibility of the model. This model not only guarantees the interests of passengers and reduces carbon emissions, it also maximizes the utility of urban traffic and the lowest generalized cost. It reflects the concept of sustainable development of urban transportation. Finally, we are able to make reasonable suggestions to relevant departments based on the optimization results.
随着城市汽车出行次数的增加，能源消耗和环境污染已成为城市交通的关键问题。特别是，私家车使用量的增加不仅导致能源消耗增加，产生更多废气，而且还使交通结构失衡。因此，有必要建立和优化合理的交通结构，以促进城市交通的可持续发展。本文基于不同交通方式的特点，提出了一个最大化交通效用、最小化生态影响和最小化广义成本的多目标优化模型。利用理想点法、线性加权法和层次序列法对模型进行求解和比较。结论表明，理想点法更适合本文的研究，可以应用于北京的交通结构优化。通过实例分析，优化后的城市客运周转量和分担率更加科学合理，验证了模型的可行性。该模型不仅保证了乘客的利益，减少了碳排放，还最大限度地提高了城市交通的效用和最低的广义成本，体现了城市交通可持续发展的理念。最后，根据优化结果，我们可以为相关部门提出合理建议。
