Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Clin Nurs Res. 2021 Jul;30(6):892-900. doi: 10.1177/1054773820969540. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus can cause serious complications; it has a severe impact on the quality of life and high costs. One of the key strategies to manage diabetes is self-care, a complex multifactorial process influenced by personal, cultural, and systemic factors, that comprises self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, and self-care management. Few patients perform adequate self-care. To deepen our understanding of patients' experiences of self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, and self-care management, we conducted the first qualitative study on this topic. This study used Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis, informed by the Middle-range Theory of Self-care of Chronic Illness, to explore the experience and meaning of self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, and self-care management in adults with T2DM (n = 10). Three themes were identified: self-care is renouncement, self-care is routine, and self-care is control. A cross-cutting moral pattern connects the three themes. Our findings corroborate the Middle-range Theory of Self-care of Chronic Illness in the field of diabetes self-care and could inform practitioners in understanding the experience of self-care as a complex phenomenon and in developing tailored interventions.
2 型糖尿病可能导致严重并发症，严重影响生活质量并带来高昂成本。管理糖尿病的关键策略之一是自我护理，这是一个受个人、文化和系统因素影响的复杂多因素过程，包括自我护理维持、自我护理监测和自我护理管理。很少有患者能进行充分的自我护理。为了更深入地了解患者在自我护理维持、自我护理监测和自我护理管理方面的体验，我们针对这一主题进行了首次定性研究。本研究采用解释现象学分析，以慢性病自我护理的中程理论为指导，探索了 10 名 2 型糖尿病成年人在自我护理维持、自我护理监测和自我护理管理方面的体验和意义。确定了三个主题：自我护理是放弃、自我护理是常规、自我护理是控制。一个贯穿始终的道德模式将这三个主题联系在一起。我们的研究结果在糖尿病自我护理领域证实了慢性病自我护理的中程理论，并为从业者理解自我护理作为一种复杂现象的体验提供了信息，并为制定针对性干预措施提供了信息。
