Department of Pediatrics, UTHSC-Oak Ridge National Laboratory Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), Le Bonheur Research Center, Memphis, USA.
Department of Environmental Health, Texas A&M School of Public Health, USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2021 Mar 4;47(2):255-264. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2020.1836187. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
Pregnant women frequently report inconsistent messages regarding alcohol consumption from their healthcare providers. Midwives play a major role in prenatal care. However, little research has examined alcohol-related information provided by midwives.
To examine alcohol-related messages disseminated to pregnant women by midwives.
In 2018, 61 certified professional midwives (CPMs) and certified nurse-midwives (CNMs) were recruited from professional organizations in a southwestern state. Midwives responded to an online cross-sectional survey containing the prompt: "A pregnant patient confides in you that she drinks alcohol. She then asks you to tell her a "safe" level of alcohol consumption that won't cause harm to her unborn fetus. How would you respond?" Open-ended responses were analyzed through content analysis and categorized using an inductive approach.
Responses were grouped into five non-exclusive themes: "harmful effects and unknown safe limits" (77.0%); "abstaining is best" (50.8%); "light drinking is acceptable" (16.4%); "describe your drinking" (21.3%); "I will refer you" (16.4%). The most frequently shared messages were "safe levels of prenatal alcohol use are unknown" (68.9%) and "discontinue alcohol during pregnancy" (45.9%). However, some messages contradicted US dietary guidelines, including "a little bit of alcohol unlikely to cause harm" (11.5%); "cut-down if having more than 1-2 drinks per occasion" (4.9%); and "if you must drink, wine is best" (1.6%). CPMs were less likely to share abstinence messages ( = .003) and more likely to suggest referrals ( = .024), compared to CNMs.
Concerted efforts are needed to ensure information disseminated aligns with health guidelines and encourages abstinence during pregnancy.
孕妇经常从医疗保健提供者那里得到关于饮酒的不一致信息。助产士在产前保健中发挥着重要作用。然而，很少有研究检查过助产士提供的与酒精相关的信息。
检查助产士向孕妇传播的与酒精相关的信息。
2018 年，从美国西南部一个州的专业组织中招募了 61 名认证专业助产士（CPM）和认证护士助产士（CNM）。助产士对一个包含提示的在线横断面调查做出回应：“一位孕妇向你倾诉她喝酒。然后她请你告诉她一个不会对她未出生胎儿造成伤害的“安全”饮酒量。你会如何回应？”使用归纳法对开放式回答进行了内容分析和分类。
回答被分为五个非排他性主题：“有害影响和未知的安全限度”（77.0%）；“最好禁欲”（50.8%）；“适量饮酒可以”（16.4%）；“描述你的饮酒情况”（21.3%）；“我会转介你”（16.4%）。最常分享的信息是“产前饮酒的安全水平未知”（68.9%）和“怀孕期间停止饮酒”（45.9%）。然而，一些信息与美国饮食指南相矛盾，包括“少量饮酒不太可能造成伤害”（11.5%）；“如果每次饮酒超过 1-2 杯，则减少饮酒量”（4.9%）；以及“如果必须饮酒，最好选择葡萄酒”（1.6%）。CPM 比 CNM 更不愿意分享禁欲信息（ = 0.003），更愿意建议转介（ = 0.024）。
需要做出一致努力，确保传播的信息与健康指南一致，并鼓励孕妇在怀孕期间禁欲。
