Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2020 Dec;67:68-74. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2020.10.009. Epub 2020 Oct 24.
The immune system is capable of generating robust antibody responses to foreign antigens during infection and vaccination, while simultaneously limiting antibodies to self-antigens. T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells are a subset of follicular T cell with specialized roles in regulating humoral immunity. Although Tfr cells have been studied for the past 10 years, their roles have remained elusive. In this review we discuss the current understanding of Tfr cell functions in autoimmunity and how Tfr cells simultaneously control foreign and autoantigen specific antibody responses. We highlight new tools that enable in-depth study of Tfr cells in vivo and recent data suggesting an important role for Tfr cells in limiting participation of autoreactive B cells in germinal centers.
免疫系统能够在感染和接种疫苗时产生针对外来抗原的强大抗体反应，同时限制针对自身抗原的抗体。滤泡辅助性 T 细胞（Tfh）是滤泡 T 细胞的一个亚群，在调节体液免疫方面具有特殊作用。尽管过去 10 年来一直在研究 Tfh 细胞，但它们的作用仍然难以捉摸。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 Tfh 细胞在自身免疫中的作用的现有认识，以及 Tfh 细胞如何同时控制外来抗原和自身抗原特异性抗体反应。我们强调了一些新的工具，这些工具可以在体内深入研究 Tfr 细胞，并提供了一些新的证据，表明 Tfr 细胞在限制自身反应性 B 细胞在生发中心中的参与方面起着重要作用。
