变应性中耳炎动物模型中咽鼓管黏膜的形态和病理学变化。
Morphological and pathological changes of Eustachian tube mucosa in an animal model of eosinophilic otitis media.
机构信息
Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tong Ren Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing, China.
Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tong Ren Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing, China.
出版信息
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Sep-Oct;88(5):701-707. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2020.09.011. Epub 2020 Oct 28.
INTRODUCTION
Eosinophilic otitis media is an intractable otitis media and a fairly common middle ear disease. However, the pathogenesis of eosinophilic otitis media is obscure.
OBJECTIVE
To observe the pathological and ultrastructural changes of the Eustachian tube mucosal epithelium in rats with eosinophilic otitis media and further explore the pathogenesis of eosinophilic otitis media.
METHODS
Animals were intraperitoneally injected with 2000 mg ovalbumin and 100 mg aluminum hydroxide (alum) on day 0, followed by 100 mg ovalbumin and 100 mg alum injection on days 7 and 14. Next they were topically boosted by daily application of 100 mg ovalbumin solution via nasal drip and intratympanic injection of 0.1 mL ovalbumin (1000 mg/mL) in the right ear (group A, n = 80) and 0.1 mL saline in the left ear as control (group B, n = 80) starting on day 21 and continuing for 14 days. The temporal bones were dissected on the 35th, 38th, 41st and 43rd day separately under anesthesia. Scanning electron microscopy, hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue staining were used to observe the pathological and morphological changes of Eustachian tube mucosa stained samples. Moreover, inflammatory cells and cilia were counted.
RESULTS
The epithelium of the Eustachian tube in group A was swollen and thickened. The cilia were arranged in a disorderly manner and partially detached. Eosinophils infiltrated the submucosal layer of the Eustachian tube, and their number increased significantly compared with that in group B (p < 0.05). Simultaneously, mast cell degranulation was observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the cilia were lodged and gathered along the whole length of Eustachian tube in group A. Ciliated cell density was significantly lower than that in Group B (p < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
In the eosinophilic otitis media model, allergy caused significant changes in pathology and morphology of the Eustachian tube mucosa, affecting the normal function of the Eustachian tube which played an important role in the occurrence and development of eosinophilic otitis media.
介绍
变应性中耳炎是一种难治性中耳炎，也是一种相当常见的中耳疾病。然而，变应性中耳炎的发病机制尚不清楚。
目的
观察嗜酸粒细胞性中耳炎大鼠咽鼓管黏膜上皮的病理及超微结构变化，进一步探讨嗜酸粒细胞性中耳炎的发病机制。
方法
动物于第 0 天经腹腔注射 2000mg 卵清蛋白和 100mg 氢氧化铝（明矾），第 7 天和第 14 天分别注射 100mg 卵清蛋白和 100mg 明矾。然后，从第 21 天开始，每天通过滴鼻给予 100mg 卵清蛋白溶液和右耳内注射 0.1ml 卵清蛋白（1000mg/ml）进行局部加强，左耳注射 0.1ml 生理盐水作为对照（A 组，n=80），共 14 天。在麻醉下分别于第 35、38、41 和 43 天解剖颞骨。扫描电子显微镜、苏木精-伊红和甲苯胺蓝染色用于观察 Eustachian 管黏膜染色标本的病理和形态变化。此外，还计数了炎症细胞和纤毛。
结果
A 组咽鼓管上皮肿胀增厚，纤毛排列紊乱，部分脱落。Eustachian 管黏膜下层有嗜酸性粒细胞浸润，与 B 组相比数量明显增加（p<0.05）。同时，A 组可见肥大细胞脱颗粒。扫描电子显微镜显示，A 组的纤毛沿整个咽鼓管长度被卡住和聚集。纤毛细胞密度明显低于 B 组（p<0.01）。
结论
在变应性中耳炎模型中，过敏导致咽鼓管黏膜的病理和形态发生显著变化，影响咽鼓管的正常功能，在变应性中耳炎的发生和发展中起着重要作用。
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