Ren Lin, Chen Xiaodan, Chen Xiaobing, Li Jiayan, Cheng Bin, Xia Juan
Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Oct 15;8:580070. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.580070. eCollection 2020.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pivotal to tissue homeostasis, repair, and regeneration due to their potential for self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and immune modulation. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that maintain their morphology via continuous fission and fusion, also known as mitochondrial dynamics. MSCs undergo specific mitochondrial dynamics during proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis, or aging. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial dynamics are key contributors to stem cell fate determination. The coordination of mitochondrial fission and fusion is crucial for cellular function and stress responses, while abnormal fission and/or fusion causes MSC dysfunction. This review focuses on the role of mitochondrial dynamics in MSC commitment under physiological and stress conditions. We highlight mechanistic insights into modulating mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial strategies for stem cell-based regenerative medicine. These findings shed light on the contribution of mitochondrial dynamics to MSC fate and MSC-based tissue repair.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）因其自我更新、多谱系分化和免疫调节的潜力，在组织稳态、修复和再生中起着关键作用。线粒体是高度动态的细胞器，通过持续的分裂和融合来维持其形态，这也被称为线粒体动力学。MSCs在增殖、迁移、分化、凋亡或衰老过程中会经历特定的线粒体动力学变化。新出现的证据表明，线粒体动力学是干细胞命运决定的关键因素。线粒体分裂和融合的协调对于细胞功能和应激反应至关重要，而异常的分裂和/或融合会导致MSCs功能障碍。本综述重点关注线粒体动力学在生理和应激条件下对MSCs定向分化的作用。我们强调了调节线粒体动力学的机制见解以及基于干细胞的再生医学的线粒体策略。这些发现揭示了线粒体动力学对MSCs命运和基于MSCs的组织修复的贡献。
