Fertility Preservation Lab, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China.
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
J Genet Genomics. 2020 Nov 20;47(11):659-671. doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2020.04.003. Epub 2020 May 22.
One of the main causes of pregnancy failure and fetus abortion is oocyte aneuploidy, which is increased with maternal aging. Numerous possible causes of oocyte aneuploidy in aged women have been proposed, including cross-over formation defect, cohesin loss, spindle deformation, spindle assembly checkpoint malfunction, microtubule-kinetochore attachment failure, kinetochore mis-orientation, mitochondria dysfunction-induced increases in reactive oxygen species, protein over-acetylation, and DNA damage. However, it still needs to be answered if these aneuploidization factors have inherent relations, and how to prevent chromosome aneuploidy in aged oocytes. Epidemiologically, oocyte aneuploidy has been found to be weakly associated with higher homocysteine concentrations, obesity, ionizing radiation and even seasonality. In this review, we summarize the research progress and present an integrated view of oocyte aneuploidization.
胚胎发育失败和流产的主要原因之一是卵母细胞非整倍体，这一现象随母体年龄的增加而增加。高龄妇女卵母细胞非整倍体的可能原因有很多，包括交叉形成缺陷、黏连蛋白丢失、纺锤体变形、纺锤体组装检查点功能障碍、微管-动粒附着失败、动粒定向错误、线粒体功能障碍导致活性氧增加、蛋白质过度乙酰化和 DNA 损伤。然而，这些非整倍体形成因素是否存在内在联系，以及如何防止高龄卵母细胞的染色体非整倍体，仍需要进一步研究。从流行病学角度来看，卵母细胞非整倍体与高同型半胱氨酸浓度、肥胖、电离辐射甚至季节性因素呈弱相关。本综述总结了卵母细胞非整倍体的研究进展，并提出了卵母细胞非整倍体的综合观点。
