Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2021 May;100(5):843-849. doi: 10.1111/aogs.14045. Epub 2021 Jan 5.
Overweight and obesity in pregnancy is increasing worldwide and may harm the developing fetus, including its future reproductive health. We therefore studied the association between in utero exposure to maternal overweight and obesity and infertility in adulthood. No studies have previously assessed this association.
We performed a cohort study with 9232 adult sons and daughters whose mothers were enrolled in the Danish Healthy Habits for Two cohort during pregnancy in 1984-87. Participants were sons and daughters followed in the Danish In-Vitro-Fertilization-Register and Danish National Patient Register until February 2018 for diagnoses of infertility.
In total, 1203 (13%) sons and daughters were born to mothers with a body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m ; 871 (9.4%) of the participants were identified as being infertile during follow-up. Sons of overweight mothers had slightly increased odds of infertility compared with sons of mothers with normal body weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m , adjusted odds ratio 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-1.9). Cubic spline analyses with continuous BMI levels showed increasing odds with higher levels of BMI; however, for BMI >29 kg/m the confidence intervals were too wide to draw conclusions. No association between maternal overweight and infertility was found among daughters (adjusted odds ratio 0.9, 95% CI 0.7-1.2)).
Sons born to overweight mothers had higher odds of infertility compared with sons of normal weight mothers. No association between maternal overweight and infertility was observed in daughters. Prevention of overweight during pregnancy may be an important tool to preserve fecundity in future generations.
超重和肥胖在全球范围内呈上升趋势，可能会损害胎儿发育，包括其未来的生殖健康。因此，我们研究了子宫内暴露于母亲超重和肥胖与成年后不孕之间的关系。以前没有研究评估过这种关联。
我们进行了一项队列研究，共有 9232 名成年子女，其母亲在 1984-1987 年怀孕期间参加了丹麦健康习惯双生子队列。参与者是在丹麦体外受精登记处和丹麦国家患者登记处随访的儿子和女儿，直到 2018 年 2 月，以诊断不孕。
共有 1203 名（13%）儿子和女儿的母亲 BMI>25kg/m ；在随访期间，871 名（9.4%）参与者被诊断为不孕。与母亲体重正常（BMI 18.5-24.9kg/m ）的儿子相比，超重母亲的儿子不孕的可能性略高（调整后的优势比 1.4，95%置信区间 [CI] 1.0-1.9）。连续 BMI 水平的三次样条分析显示，BMI 水平越高，不孕的几率越高；然而，对于 BMI>29kg/m ，置信区间太宽，无法得出结论。在女儿中，没有发现母亲超重与不孕之间的关联（调整后的优势比 0.9，95%置信区间 0.7-1.2）。
与正常体重母亲的儿子相比，超重母亲的儿子不孕的几率更高。在女儿中，没有发现母亲超重与不孕之间的关联。预防怀孕期间超重可能是保护后代生育能力的重要工具。
