McDonald W J, Smith G, Woods J W, Perry H M, Danielson B D
Am J Cardiol. 1977 Sep;40(3):409-15. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(77)90164-3.
Ninety-one doses of diazoxide were administered intravenously to 41 patients with hypertensive crises. Diastolic blood pressure was reduced from an average of 139 to 98 mm Hg within 10 minutes. On the basis of a retrospective analysis of the response of diastolic blood pressure, it was possible to determine within 10 minutes of injection whether a second dose would be required. Therapy was judged to be effective in 38 of 41 patients; 35 percent of injections were ineffective. Concomitant administration of furosemide was not shown to have a beneficial antihypertensive effect. Mean blood urea nitrogen was 59.5 mg/100 ml initially and was not significantly different 2 weeks after therapy. None of the patients demonstrated clinical evidence of diazoxide-induced deterioration of coronary circulation. Electrocardiograms obtained 2 weeks after diazoxide therapy failed to show evidence of new ischemic changes. Only 9 percent of patients complained of side effects, and these were transient and relatively innocuous. It is concluded that diazoxide is both safe and efficacious in the management of hypertensive crises.
对41例高血压危象患者静脉注射了91剂二氮嗪。舒张压在10分钟内从平均139毫米汞柱降至98毫米汞柱。基于对舒张压反应的回顾性分析，在注射后10分钟内就有可能确定是否需要注射第二剂。41例患者中有38例的治疗被判定有效；35%的注射无效。未显示同时使用呋塞米有有益的降压作用。初始平均血尿素氮为59.5毫克/100毫升，治疗2周后无显著差异。没有患者表现出二氮嗪引起冠状动脉循环恶化的临床证据。二氮嗪治疗2周后获得的心电图未显示有新的缺血性改变的证据。只有9%的患者抱怨有副作用，且这些副作用是短暂的且相对无害。结论是二氮嗪在治疗高血压危象方面既安全又有效。
