Melen O
Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1987 Sep;16(3):585-608.
The pituitary adenomas are one of the more common and prognostically favorable intracranial tumors. Because of their anatomic proximity to the anterior visual pathways, these tumors should be suspected in every patient with unexplained visual loss. The value of meticulous neuro-ophthalmic examination, especially formal perimetry, cannot be overemphasized. If findings point to optic nerve or chiasmal compression, appropriate radiologic studies should be undertaken without delay. Late diagnosis will often result in irreversible visual loss. The major cause of delay in diagnosis is frequently an inadequate examination. On the other hand, observation of recovery of vision after prompt diagnosis and treatment is a very gratifying experience in neuro-ophthalmology.
垂体腺瘤是较为常见且预后良好的颅内肿瘤之一。由于它们在解剖位置上靠近视觉前通路，每一位有不明原因视力丧失的患者都应怀疑患有此类肿瘤。细致的神经眼科检查，尤其是正规的视野检查，其重要性无论如何强调都不为过。如果检查结果提示视神经或视交叉受压，应立即进行适当的影像学检查。诊断延迟往往会导致不可逆转的视力丧失。诊断延迟的主要原因通常是检查不充分。另一方面，在及时诊断和治疗后观察到视力恢复，这在神经眼科领域是非常令人欣慰的经历。
