Vance M L, Thorner M O
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1987 Sep;16(3):731-53.
Prolactin-secreting pituitary tumors are not rare. The diagnosis of a patient with hyperprolactinemia and possible tumor should be carried out in an orderly fashion by first excluding secondary causes. If the patient has pathologic hyperprolactinemia, assessment of pituitary anatomy with a high resolution CT scan (or MRI) should be done. In patients who have a macroadenoma, quantitative visual field examination should be a part of the ophthalmologic examination. The choice of therapy is dependent on the clinical findings, the risks of therapy, and patient preference. Currently, the most effective therapy for a patient with a macroadenoma is medical therapy with a dopamine agonist, but this must be given chronically. Regardless of the therapy selected, these patients must be followed regularly. Once fertility is established, there is usually no contraindication to pregnancy in women who wish to become pregnant.
分泌催乳素的垂体瘤并不罕见。对于高催乳素血症且可能患有肿瘤的患者，应首先排除继发原因，按顺序进行诊断。如果患者存在病理性高催乳素血症，应通过高分辨率CT扫描（或MRI）对垂体解剖结构进行评估。对于患有大腺瘤的患者，定量视野检查应作为眼科检查的一部分。治疗方法的选择取决于临床症状、治疗风险和患者偏好。目前，对于大腺瘤患者最有效的治疗方法是使用多巴胺激动剂进行药物治疗，但必须长期给药。无论选择何种治疗方法，这些患者都必须定期随访。一旦确定有生育能力，希望怀孕的女性通常没有怀孕禁忌。
