Alicki Robert, Jenkins Alejandro
International Centre for Theory of Quantum Technologies (ICTQT), University of Gdańsk, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
Laboratorio de Física Teórica y Computacional, Escuela de Física, Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica.
Phys Rev Lett. 2020 Oct 30;125(18):186101. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.186101.
We propose a microphysical theory of the triboelectric effect by which mechanical rubbing separates charges across the interface between two materials. Surface electrons are treated as an open system coupled to two baths, corresponding to the bulks. Extending Zel'dovich's theory of bosonic superradiance, we show that motion-induced population inversion can generate an electromotive force. We argue that this is consistent with the basic phenomenology of triboelectrification and triboluminescence as irreversible processes, and we suggest how to carry out more precise experimental tests.
我们提出了一种摩擦电效应的微观物理理论，通过该理论，机械摩擦可使两种材料界面间的电荷分离。表面电子被视为一个与两个对应于材料本体的热库耦合的开放系统。扩展泽尔多维奇的玻色子超辐射理论，我们表明运动诱导的粒子数反转能够产生电动势。我们认为这与摩擦起电和摩擦发光作为不可逆过程的基本现象学是一致的，并且我们提出了如何进行更精确实验测试的方法。
