College of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University.
Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego.
Psychol Sci. 2020 Dec;31(12):1488-1496. doi: 10.1177/0956797620966526. Epub 2020 Nov 16.
In this preregistered field study, we examined preschool children's selective trust in a real-life situation. We investigated whether 3- to 6-year-old children (total = 240) could be lured to a new location within their school grounds by an unfamiliar adult confederate. In a between-subjects manipulation, the confederate established either a high or a low level of personal credibility by providing information that the child knew to be either true or false. In Experiment 1, in which the confederate was female, children showed sensitivity to informational accuracy by being less willing to leave with an uninformed confederate, and this effect increased with age. In Experiment 2, in which the confederate was male, children were reluctant to leave regardless of informational accuracy. These findings point to real-world implications of epistemic-trust research and provide the first evidence regarding the early development of selective trust in a high-stakes naturalistic context.
在这项预先注册的现场研究中，我们考察了学龄前儿童在真实情境下的选择性信任。我们调查了 3 至 6 岁的儿童（共计 240 名）是否会被学校里一个陌生的成人同伙诱骗到一个新的地点。在一个被试间的操作中，同伙通过提供儿童已知为真实或虚假的信息，建立了高低不同的个人可信度。在实验 1 中，当同伙是女性时，儿童通过不太愿意与不知情的同伙离开来表现出对信息准确性的敏感性，而且这种效果随着年龄的增长而增加。在实验 2 中，无论信息的准确性如何，儿童都不愿意离开。这些发现指向了认识论信任研究的现实世界意义，并提供了关于在高风险自然主义情境中选择性信任的早期发展的第一个证据。
