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白垩纪羊膜动物的表皮通过一种独特的树脂埋藏学过程记录下来。

Cretaceous amniote integuments recorded through a taphonomic process unique to resins.

机构信息

Departament de Dinàmica de la Terra i de l'Oceà and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès S/N, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.

Paläontologie und Historische Geologie, Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 16;10(1):19840. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76830-8.

Abstract

Fossil records of vertebrate integuments are relatively common in both rocks, as compressions, and amber, as inclusions. The integument remains, mainly the Mesozoic ones, are of great interest due to the panoply of palaeobiological information they can provide. We describe two Spanish Cretaceous amber pieces that are of taphonomic importance, one bearing avian dinosaur feather remains and the other, mammalian hair. The preserved feather remains originated from an avian dinosaur resting in contact with a stalactite-shaped resin emission for the time it took for the fresh resin to harden. The second piece shows three hair strands recorded on a surface of desiccation, with the characteristic scale pattern exceptionally well preserved and the strands aligned together, which can be considered the record of a tuft. These assemblages were recorded through a rare biostratinomic process we call "pull off vestiture" that is different from the typical resin entrapment and embedding of organisms and biological remains, and unique to resins. The peculiarity of this process is supported by actualistic observations using sticky traps in Madagascar. Lastly, we reinterpret some exceptional records from the literature in the light of that process, thus bringing new insight to the taphonomic and palaeoecological understanding of the circumstances of their origins.

摘要

脊椎动物表皮的化石记录在岩石中相对常见,以压缩形式存在,在琥珀中则以包裹体形式存在。由于它们可以提供大量的古生物学信息,因此中生代的表皮化石遗迹具有很大的研究价值。我们描述了两块具有特殊埋藏学意义的西班牙白垩纪琥珀,其中一块保留了鸟类恐龙的羽毛化石,另一块则保留了哺乳动物的毛发。保存下来的羽毛化石源自一只正在与钟乳石状树脂滴接触的鸟类恐龙,在新鲜树脂凝固的过程中恐龙一直停留在那里。第二块琥珀上显示了三条毛发,记录在干燥表面上,其特征鳞片图案保存得异常完好,并且毛发相互排列在一起,可以被视为一撮毛发的记录。这些组合是通过一种我们称之为“剥离附生物”的罕见生物地层过程记录下来的,与典型的树脂捕获和生物组织的嵌入过程不同,这种过程是琥珀特有的。这种过程的特殊性得到了在马达加斯加使用粘性陷阱进行的实际观察的支持。最后,我们根据这一过程重新解释了文献中的一些特殊记录,从而为这些记录的起源的埋藏学和古生态学理解提供了新的见解。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5e18/7669849/f876785ee2dc/41598_2020_76830_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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