Feidt H, Koch A, Federspil P
Universitäts-HNO-Klinik Homburg/Saar.
HNO. 1987 Nov;35(11):475-7.
The aim of our investigations was to evaluate the current importance of Gram's stain in ENT infections. This long established easy microbiological method was compared with culture and sensitivity tests. For this purpose 549 Gram's stains were performed on 384 patients. In 88.8% of the cases Gram's stains gave reliable information in a few minutes so that a correct and effective antimicrobial treatment could be started. In 5.7% no pathogen could be found using a Gram's stain, probably because the concentration was too low (10(5)/ml) whereas a pathogen could be cultured in these cases. However culture revealed microbiological information in 11.5% of the cases that was unreliable or even misleading in deciding treatment. In conclusion, Gram's stain is a very cheap, quick and easy method which has been forgotten by many clinicians but which is sufficient as the only microbiological method in uncomplicated ENT infections and is of great importance for a correct interpretation of the results of culture in severe infections. In life-threatening cases it may even be of a crucial value.
我们研究的目的是评估革兰氏染色在耳鼻喉科感染中当前的重要性。将这种长期确立的简单微生物学方法与培养及药敏试验进行比较。为此，对384例患者进行了549次革兰氏染色。在88.8%的病例中，革兰氏染色在几分钟内就能提供可靠信息，从而可以开始正确有效的抗菌治疗。在5.7%的病例中，使用革兰氏染色未发现病原体，可能是因为浓度过低（10⁵/ml），而在这些病例中病原体可以培养出来。然而，培养在11.5%的病例中显示的微生物学信息在决定治疗时不可靠甚至具有误导性。总之，革兰氏染色是一种非常廉价、快速且简便的方法，许多临床医生已将其遗忘，但在单纯的耳鼻喉科感染中作为唯一的微生物学方法就足够了，并且对于正确解读严重感染中的培养结果非常重要。在危及生命的病例中，它甚至可能具有关键价值。
