Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston.
Otol Neurotol. 2021 Jan;42(1):24-29. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002870.
To investigate the evolving prevalence of otosclerosis in a large urban population.
A retrospective review of patients in a large, urban, public health system was conducted from January 2010 to August 2019 to identify subjects with otosclerosis. Diagnostic testing included audiometry and computed tomography scans. Sex, age at diagnosis, treatment received, race, ethnicity, and country of birth were analyzed for each subject and compared with all eligible patients in the reference population.
A total of 134 patients from a reference population of 672,839 were diagnosed with otosclerosis and analyzed. The otosclerosis patients were predominantly Hispanic (73%), of which the majority were foreign born (87%). The average age at onset was 46 years and 59% were women. The overall prevalence of otosclerosis was 20 of 100,000 patients. The crude prevalence of otosclerosis by ethnicity was 43 of 100,000 for Hispanics, 12.6 of 100,000 for Caucasians, and 3 of 100,000 for African Americans. Within the Hispanic population, the prevalence of otosclerosis was 60 of 100,000 for foreign-born individuals and 16 of 100,000 for those born in the USA (odds ratio [OR] = 3.69, [95% confidence interval [CI], 2.02-6.76], p < 0.0001). Prevalence was not significantly different among Caucasians and US-born Hispanics.
Otosclerosis in the studied population was most common among Hispanic patients, though it was strongly influenced by country of birth. The "imported" otosclerosis cases are best explained by environmental influence rather than ethnic susceptibility. This discrepancy is likely due to variance in measles immunization rates among North and Central American countries before 1990.
研究在一个大型城市人群中耳硬化症的患病率变化。
对 2010 年 1 月至 2019 年 8 月期间在一个大型城市公共卫生系统中的患者进行回顾性研究，以确定耳硬化症患者。诊断测试包括听力测试和计算机断层扫描。对每位患者的性别、诊断时的年龄、接受的治疗、种族、族裔和出生地进行了分析，并与参考人群中的所有合格患者进行了比较。
在参考人群 672839 例中，共有 134 例患者被诊断为耳硬化症并进行了分析。耳硬化症患者主要为西班牙裔（73%），其中大多数为外国出生（87%）。发病平均年龄为 46 岁，女性占 59%。耳硬化症的总患病率为 20/100000 例。按族裔划分的耳硬化症粗患病率为西班牙裔 43/100000 例，白种人 12.6/100000 例，非裔美国人 3/100000 例。在西班牙裔人群中，外国出生者的耳硬化症患病率为 60/100000 例，美国出生者为 16/100000 例（比值比[OR] = 3.69，[95%置信区间[CI]，2.02-6.76]，p < 0.0001）。白种人和美国出生的西班牙裔之间的患病率没有显著差异。
在所研究的人群中，耳硬化症最常见于西班牙裔患者，但受出生地影响很大。“输入性”耳硬化症病例最好用环境影响而不是种族易感性来解释。这种差异可能是由于 1990 年前北美和中美洲国家麻疹免疫率的差异所致。
