Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB T2W 1S7, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 13;17(22):8421. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228421.
Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is a psychological intervention with established efficacy in the prevention and treatment of depressive disorders. Previous systematic reviews have not evaluated the effectiveness of IPT on symptoms of stress, anxiety, depression, quality of life, relationship satisfaction/quality, social supports, and an improved psychological sense of wellbeing. There is limited information regarding moderating and mediating factors that impact the effectiveness of IPT such as the timing of the intervention or the mode of delivery of IPT intervention. The overall objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of IPT interventions to treat perinatal (from pregnancy up to 12 months postpartum) psychological distress.
MEDLINE(R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (OVID), CINAHL with Full Text (Ebsco), Social Work Abstracts (Ebsco), SocINDEX with Full Text (Ebsco), Academic Search Complete (Ebsco), Family & Society Studies Worldwide (Ebsco), Family Studies Abstracts (Ebsco), and Scopus databases were searched from inception until 31 January 2019. Two researchers independently screened articles for eligibility. Of the 685 screened articles, 43 met the inclusion criteria. The search was re-run on 11 May 2020. An additional 204 articles were screened and two met the inclusion criteria, resulting in a total of 45 studies included in this review. There were 25 Randomized Controlled Trials, 10 Quasi-experimental studies, eight Open Trials, and two Single Case Studies. All included studies were critically appraised for quality.
In most studies (n = 24, 53%), the IPT intervention was delivered individually; in 17 (38%) studies IPT was delivered in a group setting and two (4%) studies delivered the intervention as a combination of group and individual IPT. Most interventions were initiated during pregnancy (n = 27, 60%), with the remaining 18 (40%) studies initiating interventions during the postpartum period.
This review included only English-language articles and peer-reviewed literature. It excluded government reports, dissertations, conference papers, and reviews. This limited the access to grassroots or community-based recruitment and retention strategies that may have been used to target smaller or marginalized groups of perinatal women.
IPT is an effective intervention for the prevention and treatment of psychological distress in women during their pregnancy and postpartum period. As a treatment intervention, IPT is effective in significantly reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety as well as improving social support, relationship quality/satisfaction, and adjustment. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO CRD42019114292.
人际心理治疗（IPT）是一种具有既定疗效的心理干预措施，可预防和治疗抑郁障碍。先前的系统评价并未评估 IPT 对压力、焦虑、抑郁、生活质量、关系满意度/质量、社会支持以及心理幸福感改善等症状的有效性。对于影响 IPT 有效性的调节和中介因素，如干预的时间或 IPT 干预的实施方式，信息有限。本系统评价的总体目标是评估 IPT 干预措施治疗围产期（从怀孕到产后 12 个月）心理困扰的有效性。
检索 MEDLINE（R）和 Epub Ahead of Print、In-Process & 其他非索引引文和每日（Ovid）、EMBASE（Ovid）、PsycINFO（Ovid）、Cochrane 对照试验中心注册库（OVID）、CINAHL 全文数据库（Ebsco）、社会工作摘要数据库（Ebsco）、社会索引全文数据库（Ebsco）、学术搜索完整数据库（Ebsco）、家庭与社会研究全球数据库（Ebsco）、家庭研究摘要数据库（Ebsco）和 Scopus 数据库，检索时间从建库开始至 2019 年 1 月 31 日。两名研究人员独立筛选文章的入选资格。在 685 篇筛选出的文章中，有 43 篇符合入选标准。于 2020 年 5 月 11 日重新进行了检索。又筛选出 204 篇文章，其中有 2 篇符合纳入标准，最终共有 45 项研究纳入本综述。其中包括 25 项随机对照试验、10 项准实验研究、8 项开放试验和 2 项单病例研究。所有纳入的研究均进行了严格的质量评估。
大多数研究（n = 24，53%）中，IPT 干预是个体实施的；17 项（38%）研究中 IPT 是在小组环境中实施的，两项（4%）研究则将干预作为小组和个体 IPT 的组合。大多数干预措施在怀孕期间开始（n = 27，60%），其余 18 项（40%）研究则在产后开始干预。
本综述仅纳入了英文文章和同行评议文献。它排除了政府报告、论文、会议论文和综述。这限制了获取基层或社区为基础的招募和保留策略的机会，这些策略可能被用于针对较小或边缘化的围产期妇女群体。
IPT 是一种有效的干预措施，可预防和治疗女性在怀孕期间和产后的心理困扰。作为一种治疗干预措施，IPT 可显著降低抑郁和焦虑症状，并改善社会支持、关系质量/满意度以及适应能力。系统评价注册：PROSPERO CRD42019114292。
