Spector S L
UCLA School of Medicine 90024.
N Engl Reg Allergy Proc. 1987 Sep-Oct;8(5):317-21. doi: 10.2500/108854187779023514.
Beta adrenergic agonists can lower serum potassium levels predominantly when they are administered by the parenteral route. Hypokalemia has been demonstrated with the use of albuterol given by the intramuscular, intravenous and subcutaneous (SC) routes as well as with SC epinephrine. The effect appears to be dose related. Certain patients might be at increased risk who are on medications that tend to lower potassium such as corticosteroids, theophylline, diuretics or digoxin. Further studies should be encouraged on the hypokalemic effect of all forms of beta agonists in view of their possible contribution toward arrhythmias and asthma deaths.
β肾上腺素能激动剂主要经胃肠外途径给药时可降低血清钾水平。已证实，通过肌内、静脉和皮下途径使用沙丁胺醇以及皮下使用肾上腺素均可导致低钾血症。这种效应似乎与剂量相关。正在服用可能降低血钾的药物（如皮质类固醇、茶碱、利尿剂或地高辛）的某些患者，发生低钾血症的风险可能会增加。鉴于各种形式的β激动剂可能会导致心律失常和哮喘死亡，因此应鼓励对其低钾血症效应开展进一步研究。
