Wu Sz-Jie, Chang Chia-Yu, Lai Yen-Ting, Shyu Yuan-Tay
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
Foods. 2020 Nov 16;9(11):1673. doi: 10.3390/foods9111673.
This study applied high-pressure processing (HPP) technology to enrich the gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) content in vegetable soybeans and evaluated its antidepressant efficacy on mice, with depression induced by the unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) model. The optimal conditions for HPP, storage time, and storage temperature, as well as antidepressant-like effects of vegetable soybeans, were evaluated and discussed. HPP could effectively and significantly increase GABA content in soybean, with optimum conditions at 200 MPa. The GABA content in the whole vegetable soybean was 436.05 mg/100 g. In mice animal tests, the tail suspension test (TST) showed that the immobility time of the GABA group was significantly shorter than that of the control group. The total travel distance in the open field test (OFT) showed that depressed mice fed with the GABA feed exhibited exploratory behavior. The GABA group showed a significantly higher degree of sucrose preference than the control group. Both results indicate that the GABA feed could effectively alleviate depressive symptomatology. Regarding biochemical parameters, the fecal and serum corticosterone (CORT) levels in the control group increased to 104.86 pg/mg after the onset of depression. In contrast, the fecal CORT level in the GABA group was significantly reduced to 23.98 pg/mg and was comparable to that in the control group (33.38 pg/mg). Reduced serum CORT level in the GABA group suggests an improvement in depressive symptomatology. The serotonin concentration was maintained in the GABA group after the induction of depression, suggesting its preventive activity. The HPP GABA-enriched soybeans exerted modulatory effects on the behaviors of depressed mice and displayed a potential for commercialization.
本研究应用高压处理（HPP）技术提高毛豆中γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的含量，并通过不可预测的慢性轻度应激（UCMS）模型诱导小鼠抑郁，评估其对小鼠的抗抑郁效果。评估并讨论了HPP的最佳条件、储存时间、储存温度以及毛豆的抗抑郁样作用。HPP能有效且显著提高大豆中的GABA含量，最佳条件为200MPa。整个毛豆中的GABA含量为436.05mg/100g。在小鼠动物试验中，悬尾试验（TST）表明，GABA组的不动时间显著短于对照组。旷场试验（OFT）中的总移动距离表明，喂食GABA饲料的抑郁小鼠表现出探索行为。GABA组的蔗糖偏好程度显著高于对照组。这两个结果均表明，GABA饲料能有效减轻抑郁症状。关于生化参数，对照组在抑郁发作后粪便和血清皮质酮（CORT）水平升至104.86pg/mg。相比之下，GABA组的粪便CORT水平显著降至23.98pg/mg，与对照组（33.38pg/mg）相当。GABA组血清CORT水平降低表明抑郁症状有所改善。抑郁诱导后，GABA组的血清素浓度保持稳定，表明其具有预防作用。HPP富集GABA的大豆对抑郁小鼠的行为具有调节作用，具有商业化潜力。
