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由于一种具有双重效应的罕见纯合基因变异,PMM2-CDG患者心脏手术后出现致命结局。

Fatal outcome after heart surgery in PMM2-CDG due to a rare homozygous gene variant with double effects.

作者信息

Görlacher Marlen, Panagiotou Eleftheria, Himmelreich Nastassja, Hüllen Andreas, Beedgen Lars, Dimitrov Bianca, Geiger Virginia, Zielonka Matthias, Peters Verena, Strahl Sabine, Vázquez-Jiménez Jaime, Kerst Gunter, Thiel Christian

机构信息

Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany.

出版信息

Mol Genet Metab Rep. 2020 Nov 7;25:100673. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2020.100673. eCollection 2020 Dec.

Abstract

Variants in Phosphomannomutase 2 (PMM2) lead to PMM2-CDG, the most frequent congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG). We here describe the disease course of a ten-month old patient who presented with the classical PMM2-CDG symptoms as cerebellar hypoplasia, retinitis pigmentosa, seizures, short stature, hepato- and splenomegaly, anaemia, recurrent vomiting and inverted mamillae. A severe form of tetralogy of Fallot was diagnosed and corrective surgery was performed at the age of 10 months. At the end of the cardiopulmonary bypass, a sudden oedematous reaction of the myocardium accompanied by biventricular pump failure was observed immediately after heparin antagonization with protamine sulfate. The patient died seven days after surgery, since myocardial function did not recover on ECMO support. We here describe the first patient carrying the homozygous variant g.18313A > T in the gene (NG_009209.1) that either can lead to c.394A > T (p.I132F) or even loss of 100 bp due to exon 5 skipping (c.348_447del; p.G117Rfs*4) which is comparable to a null allele. Proliferation and doubling time of the patient's fibroblasts were affected. In addition, we show that the induction of cellular stress by elevating the cell culture temperature to 40 °C led to a decrease of the patients' transcript as well as PMM2 protein levels and subsequently to a significant loss of residual activity. We assume that metabolic stressful processes occurring after cardiac surgery led to the drop of the patient's PMM activity below a life-sustaining niveau which paved the way for the fatal outcome.

摘要

磷酸甘露糖变位酶2(PMM2)的变异会导致PMM2 - CDG,这是最常见的先天性糖基化障碍(CDG)。我们在此描述一名10个月大患者的病程,该患者表现出典型的PMM2 - CDG症状,如小脑发育不全、色素性视网膜炎、癫痫发作、身材矮小、肝脾肿大、贫血、反复呕吐和乳头内陷。诊断出严重的法洛四联症,并在10个月大时进行了矫正手术。在体外循环结束时,用硫酸鱼精蛋白拮抗肝素后,立即观察到心肌突然出现水肿反应并伴有双心室泵衰竭。患者在手术后7天死亡,因为在体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)支持下心肌功能未恢复。我们在此描述了首例携带该基因(NG_009209.1)纯合变异g.18313A>T的患者,该变异要么可导致c.394A>T(p.I132F),要么由于外显子5跳跃(c.348_447del;p.G117Rfs*4)导致100bp缺失,这相当于一个无效等位基因。患者成纤维细胞的增殖和倍增时间受到影响。此外,我们发现将细胞培养温度提高到40°C诱导细胞应激会导致患者的转录本以及PMM2蛋白水平下降,随后导致残余活性显著丧失。我们推测心脏手术后发生的代谢应激过程导致患者的PMM活性降至维持生命水平以下,从而导致了致命的结果。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9577/7658698/95bbccbe3825/gr1.jpg

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