Enhancing Teaching in Biomedical, Health and Exercise Science with Real-Time Physiological Visualisations.

Muscle physiology constitutes a core curriculum for students and researchers within biomedical, health and exercise science disciplines. The variations between skeletal and smooth muscle, mechanisms underlying excitation-contraction coupling, as well as the relationships between muscle anatomy and physiology are commonly taught from illustrations, static models or textbooks. However, this does not necessarily provide students with the required comprehension surrounding the dynamic nature of muscle contractions or neuromuscular activities. This chapter will explore alternative methods of visualising skeletal and smooth muscle physiology in real-time. Various recording hardware, isolated tissues bath experiments, neurophysiological applications and computer-based software will be discussed to provide an overview of the evidence-based successes and case studies for using these techniques when assisting students with their understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying muscle contractions.