Harari Yaar, Bechar Avital, Asci Simone, Riemer Raziel
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel.
Appl Ergon. 2021 Feb;91:103305. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103305. Epub 2020 Nov 16.
Digital human modeling software uses biomechanical models to compute workers' risk of injury during industrial work processes. In many cases, the biomechanics are calculated using quasistatic models, which neglect the body's dynamics and therefore might be erroneous. This study investigated the differential effect of using a dynamic vs. a quasistatic model on spinal loading during combined manual material handling tasks that are prevalent in industry. An experiment was conducted involving nine male and nine female participants performing a total of 3402 cycles of a box-conveying task (removing, carrying and depositing) for different box masses and shelf heights. Using motion capture data, the peak and cumulative moments acting on the L5/S1 joint were calculated using 3D dynamic and quasistatic models. This revealed that neglecting the dynamic movements (i.e., using a quasistatic model) results in an on average underestimation of 19.7% in the peak spinal moment and 3.6% in the cumulative moment that in some cases exceeds the maximal limit for the compression forces acting on the lower back.
数字人体建模软件使用生物力学模型来计算工人在工业工作过程中的受伤风险。在许多情况下，生物力学是使用准静态模型计算的，该模型忽略了身体的动力学，因此可能是错误的。本研究调查了在工业中普遍存在的手动物料搬运组合任务期间，使用动态模型与准静态模型对脊柱负荷的差异影响。进行了一项实验，九名男性和九名女性参与者针对不同的箱子质量和货架高度，总共进行了3402次箱子搬运任务（移除、搬运和放置）循环。利用动作捕捉数据，使用三维动态模型和准静态模型计算作用于L5/S1关节的峰值力矩和累积力矩。结果表明，忽略动态运动（即使用准静态模型）会导致脊柱峰值力矩平均低估19.7%，累积力矩平均低估3.6%，在某些情况下超过了作用于下背部的压缩力的最大极限。
