Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Anaesthesiology, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway.
Dent Traumatol. 2021 Apr;37(2):240-246. doi: 10.1111/edt.12627. Epub 2020 Dec 6.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Despite its many benefits, bicycling carries the risk of accidents. Although numerous studies have reported the effect of helmet use on traumatic brain injury, it remains unclear if, and to what extent, helmet use reduces the risk of facial injuries. This is particularly true in regard to injuries of the lower face. In addition, there is limited evidence of the effect of helmet use on dentoalveolar injuries. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the frequency and distribution of dentoalveolar injuries in bicycling accidents and to explore the influence of helmet use.
A total of 1543 bicyclists were included from the trauma registry of a Norwegian tertiary trauma center over a 12-year period. Data were collected prospectively, including patient characteristics, type of injury, and helmet use. The prevalence of dentoalveolar injuries was assessed in conjunction with helmet use and facial fractures.
Twenty-five percent of the patients had maxillofacial injuries, and 18% of those with facial fractures exhibited concomitant dentoalveolar injuries. The most common type of dentoalveolar injury was tooth fracture (39%). The most frequent location of facial fractures with combined dentoalveolar injuries was the maxilla, which had fractured in 32 patients. Women had a higher risk of sustaining dentoalveolar injuries compared to men (odds ratio 1.50, 95% confidence interval 1.02-2.22). There were 1257 patients (81%) who had reliable registration of helmet use; 54% of these wore a helmet, while 46% did not. Helmet users had an increased risk of dentoalveolar injuries compared to non-helmeted bicyclists (adjusted odds ratio 1.54, 95% confidence interval 1.02-2.31).
Dentoalveolar injuries are fairly common in trauma patients admitted to a trauma center following bicycling accidents. Bicycling helmets are associated with an increased risk of dentoalveolar injuries.
背景/目的：尽管骑自行车有很多好处，但它也存在事故风险。虽然许多研究报告了头盔使用对创伤性脑损伤的影响，但目前尚不清楚头盔使用是否以及在何种程度上降低了面部受伤的风险。对于下颌面部受伤尤其如此。此外，头盔使用对牙和牙槽损伤影响的证据有限。因此，本研究旨在确定自行车事故中牙和牙槽损伤的频率和分布，并探讨头盔使用的影响。
在 12 年期间，从挪威一家三级创伤中心的创伤登记处共纳入 1543 名骑自行车者。前瞻性收集数据，包括患者特征、损伤类型和头盔使用情况。评估了头盔使用与面部骨折联合时牙和牙槽损伤的发生率。
25%的患者有颌面损伤，18%有面部骨折的患者同时伴有牙和牙槽损伤。最常见的牙和牙槽损伤类型是牙折（39%）。伴有牙和牙槽损伤的最常见面部骨折部位是上颌骨，有 32 例患者上颌骨骨折。与男性相比，女性发生牙和牙槽损伤的风险更高（优势比 1.50，95%置信区间 1.02-2.22）。有 1257 名患者（81%）头盔使用情况可靠登记；其中 54%戴头盔，46%不戴头盔。与未戴头盔的骑自行车者相比，戴头盔的自行车者牙和牙槽损伤的风险增加（调整后的优势比 1.54，95%置信区间 1.02-2.31）。
在因自行车事故到创伤中心就诊的创伤患者中，牙和牙槽损伤相当常见。自行车头盔与牙和牙槽损伤的风险增加有关。
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