Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706; Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milan 20134, Italy.
Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706.
J Dairy Sci. 2020 Dec;103(12):11439-11448. doi: 10.3168/jds.2020-18840. Epub 2020 Oct 23.
Nutritional interventions, either by controlling dietary energy (DE) or supplementing rumen-protected choline (RPC) or both, may mitigate negative postpartum metabolic health outcomes. A companion paper previously reported the effects of DE density and RPC supplementation on production and health outcomes. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of DE and RPC supplementation on the expression of hepatic oxidative, gluconeogenic, and lipid transport genes during the periparturient period. At 47 ± 6 d relative to calving (DRTC), 93 multiparous Holstein cows were randomly assigned in groups to dietary treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial of (1) excess energy (EXE) without RPC supplementation (1.63 Mcal of NE/kg of dry matter; EXE-RPC); (2) maintenance energy (MNE) without RPC supplementation (1.40 Mcal of NE/kg dry matter; MNE-RPC); (3) EXE with RPC supplementation (EXE+RPC); and (4) MNE with RPC supplementation (MNE+RPC). To achieve the objective of this research, liver biopsy samples were collected at -14, +7, +14, and +21 DRTC and analyzed for mRNA expression (n = 16/treatment). The interaction of DE × RPC decreased glucose-6-phosphatase and increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α in MNE+RPC cows. Expression of cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was altered by the interaction of dietary treatments with reduced expression in EXE+RPC cows. A dietary treatment interaction was detected for expression of pyruvate carboxylase although means were not separated. Dietary treatment interactions did not alter expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A or microsomal triglyceride transfer protein. The 3-way interaction of DE × RPC × DRTC affected expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A, glucose-6-phosphatase, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and tended to affect cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. Despite previously reported independent effects of DE and RPC on production variables, treatments interacted to influence hepatic metabolism through altered gene expression.
营养干预措施，无论是通过控制膳食能量 (DE)，还是补充瘤胃保护性胆碱 (RPC)，或者两者兼施，都可能减轻产后代谢健康不良的后果。之前有一篇配套论文报告了 DE 密度和 RPC 补充对生产和健康结果的影响。本研究的目的是在围产期检查 DE 和 RPC 补充对肝脏氧化、糖异生和脂质转运基因表达的影响。在距产犊 47 ± 6 d (DRTC) 时，93 头经产荷斯坦奶牛随机分为 2 × 2 因子日粮处理组，(1) 过量能量 (EXE) 且无 RPC 补充 (1.63 Mcal 的 NE/kg 干物质；EXE-RPC)；(2) 维持能量 (MNE) 且无 RPC 补充 (1.40 Mcal 的 NE/kg 干物质；MNE-RPC)；(3) EXE 加 RPC 补充 (EXE+RPC)；(4) MNE 加 RPC 补充 (MNE+RPC)。为了实现本研究的目标，在 -14、+7、+14 和 +21 DRTC 时采集肝活检样本，并分析 mRNA 表达 (n = 16/处理)。在 MNE+RPC 奶牛中，DE × RPC 的相互作用降低了葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶并增加了过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 α。在 EXE+RPC 奶牛中，日粮处理的相互作用改变了细胞质磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶的表达，使其表达减少。尽管均值未分开，但检测到了丙酮酸羧化酶的日粮处理相互作用。日粮处理的相互作用并未改变肉毒碱棕榈酰基转移酶 1A 或微粒体甘油三酯转移蛋白的表达。DE × RPC × DRTC 的 3 重相互作用影响了肉毒碱棕榈酰基转移酶 1A、葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 α 的表达，并倾向于影响细胞质磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶的表达。尽管之前报告了 DE 和 RPC 对生产变量的独立影响，但处理通过改变基因表达相互作用影响肝脏代谢。
