Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2021;2223:67-78. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1001-5_5.
Cow's milk allergy is one of the most prevalent food allergies in both children and adults. As dairy products are common dietary ingredients and the prevalence of chronic conditions is on the rise, milk allergy is a growing public health concern. To elucidate underlying mechanisms and develop therapeutic strategies, reliable animal models are essential research tools. Sensitization to a milk protein is the principal procedure for establishing animal models of cow's milk allergy. However, the methods of sensitization vary from laboratory to laboratory, using different milk proteins with different amounts, routes, and durations of allergen exposure during sensitization of varying sex and strains of mice, likely resulting in diverse immunological and physical responses. Furthermore, the sources and potential impurities of milk protein may also produce variable responses. Thus, standardization of sensitization protocol is important, particularly when results are compared across studies. Here, we describe a method to generate a mouse model of cow's milk allergy using purified β-lactoglobulin as the milk allergen with cholera toxin as an adjuvant in a 5-week oral sensitization protocol.
牛奶过敏是儿童和成人中最常见的食物过敏之一。由于乳制品是常见的饮食成分，慢性病的患病率也在上升，因此牛奶过敏是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。为了阐明潜在机制并制定治疗策略，可靠的动物模型是必不可少的研究工具。对牛奶蛋白的致敏是建立牛奶过敏动物模型的主要程序。然而，致敏的方法因实验室而异，使用不同量的不同牛奶蛋白，通过不同的途径，在致敏过程中暴露于过敏原的时间也不同，使用的是不同性别和品系的小鼠，可能导致不同的免疫和物理反应。此外，牛奶蛋白的来源和潜在杂质也可能产生不同的反应。因此，致敏方案的标准化很重要，特别是在比较不同研究的结果时。在这里，我们描述了一种使用纯化的β-乳球蛋白作为牛奶过敏原，并用霍乱毒素作为佐剂，通过 5 周的口服致敏方案，生成牛奶过敏小鼠模型的方法。
