Pollard B J, Fletcher I R, Tait A R, Knight P R, Van der Spek A F
Department of Anaesthesia, University of Manchester, Manchester Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom.
Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1987 Sep;4(5):369-74.
The effects of three calcium channel-blocking agents, verapamil, nifedipine and diltiazem, given intravenously, have been studied on the cardiovascular and sympathetic responses to acute haemorrhagic shock in anaesthetized dogs. Following acute haemorrhage, cardiac output, mean pulmonary artery pressure, mean right atrial pressure, and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure all fell, and adrenaline, noradrenaline and plasma renin activity rose. In the presence of each calcium antagonist the fall in cardiac output, mean pulmonary artery pressure, central venous pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was similar, and the rise in catecholamine levels unaffected. The rise in plasma renin activity following diltiazem 0.02 mg kg-1 or 0.1 mg kg-1 or nifedipine 0.01 mg kg-1 was similar to values in a control group, whereas in those receiving verapamil 0.15 mg kg-1 or 0.6 mg kg-1, or nifedipine 0.05 mg kg-1, the rise was greater.
研究了静脉注射三种钙通道阻滞剂维拉帕米、硝苯地平和地尔硫䓬对麻醉犬急性失血性休克时心血管及交感神经反应的影响。急性失血后，心输出量、平均肺动脉压、平均右心房压和肺毛细血管楔压均下降，肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素和血浆肾素活性升高。在每种钙拮抗剂存在的情况下，心输出量、平均肺动脉压、中心静脉压和肺毛细血管楔压的下降情况相似，儿茶酚胺水平的升高未受影响。地尔硫䓬0.02mg/kg或0.1mg/kg或硝苯地平0.01mg/kg给药后血浆肾素活性的升高与对照组相似，而接受维拉帕米0.15mg/kg或0.6mg/kg或硝苯地平0.05mg/kg的动物，血浆肾素活性升高幅度更大。
