Spatiotemporal patterns and drivers of methane uptake across a climate transect in Inner Mongolia Steppe.

Steppe soils are important biological sinks for atmospheric methane (CH), but the strength of CH uptake remains uncertain due to large spatiotemporal variation and the lack of in situ measurements at regional scale. Here, we report the seasonal and spatial patterns of CH uptake across a 1200 km transect in arid and semi-arid steppe ecosystems in Inner Mongolia, ranging from meadow steppe in the east plain to typical and desert steppes on the west plateau. In general, seasonal patterns of CH uptake were site specific, with unimodal seasonal curves in meadow and typical steppes and a decreasing seasonal trend in desert steppe. Soil moisture was the dominant factor explaining the seasonal patterns of CH uptake, and CH uptake rate decreased with an increase in soil moisture. Across the transect, CH uptake showed a skewed unimodal spatial pattern, with the peak rate observed in the typical steppe sites and with generally higher uptake rates in the west plateau than in the east plain. Soil moisture, together with soil temperature, soil total carbon, and aboveground plant biomass, were the main drivers of the regional patterns of CH uptake rate. These findings are important for model development to more precisely estimate the soil CH sink capacity in arid and semi-arid regions.