IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 23;10(1):20369. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77334-1.
Vaccination of goats against tuberculosis (TB) has been promoted as an ancillary tool for controlling the disease in infected livestock herds. A three-year trial to assess the efficacy of BCG vaccine was carried out in five goat herds. At the beginning of the trial (month 0), all animals were tested for TB using thee different diagnostic tests. Animals negative to all tests were vaccinated with BCG and all replacement goat kids were also systematically vaccinated throughout the trial. All animals were tested by Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) using vaccine compatible reagents at months 6, 12, 24, and 36. The risk factors for TB infection were also evaluated. At the end of the study, four out of five farms showed variable reductions of the initial prevalence (93.5%, 28.5%, 23.2%, and 14.3% respectively), and an overall incidence reduction of 50% was observed in BCG vaccinated goats, although adult vaccinated goats showed higher incidences than vaccinated goat kids. The unvaccinated positive animals remaining in herds and adult BCG vaccinated goats significantly enhanced the risk of infection in vaccinated animals. A systematic vaccination of goats with BCG, together with the removal of positive unvaccinated animals, may contribute to reducing the TB prevalence in goat herds.
对结核病（TB）进行山羊疫苗接种已被推广为控制受感染牲畜群中疾病的辅助工具。在五个山羊群中进行了为期三年的评估卡介苗疫苗效果的试验。在试验开始时（第 0 个月），使用三种不同的诊断测试对所有动物进行了结核病检测。所有测试均为阴性的动物接种了卡介苗，并且在整个试验期间所有新替换的山羊幼崽也都进行了系统接种。所有动物均在第 6、12、24 和 36 个月时通过干扰素 -γ释放测定（IGRA）使用与疫苗兼容的试剂进行了测试。还评估了结核病感染的危险因素。研究结束时，五个农场中有四个农场的初始流行率呈不同程度下降（分别为 93.5%、28.5%、23.2%和 14.3%），在接种卡介苗的山羊中观察到 50%的发病率降低，尽管成年接种山羊的发病率高于接种山羊幼崽。畜群中残留的未接种阳性动物和成年接种卡介苗的山羊显著增加了接种动物的感染风险。对山羊进行卡介苗的系统接种，同时去除未接种的阳性动物，可能有助于降低山羊群中的结核病流行率。
