Carter D R
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, CA.
J Biomech. 1987;20(11-12):1095-109. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(87)90027-3.
A comprehensive theory which relates tissue mechanical stresses to many features of skeletal morphogenesis, growth, regeneration, maintenance and degeneration is reviewed. The theory considers the repeated or intermittent mechanical forces which constitute the loading history on the chondro-osseous skeleton. The results of numerous mechanical stress analyses indicate that the local tissue stress history plays a major role in controlling connective tissue biology. The strong influence of mechanical energy in ontogenesis implies a comparably strong influence in phylogenesis. The fact that the mechanical stress histories in skeletal tissues are directly related to the force of gravity suggests that the life forms that have evolved on Earth are closely tied to our gravitational field.
本文综述了一种综合理论，该理论将组织机械应力与骨骼形态发生、生长、再生、维持和退化的许多特征联系起来。该理论考虑了构成软骨-骨骨骼加载历史的重复或间歇性机械力。大量机械应力分析结果表明，局部组织应力历史在控制结缔组织生物学方面起着主要作用。机械能在个体发育中的强大影响意味着在系统发育中也有相当大的影响。骨骼组织中的机械应力历史与重力直接相关，这一事实表明，在地球上进化的生命形式与我们的引力场密切相关。
