Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, United States of America.
Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, United States of America.
Hum Mov Sci. 2020 Dec;74:102718. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2020.102718. Epub 2020 Nov 21.
Entrainment of walking to rhythmic auditory cues (e.g., metronome and/or music) improves gait in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Studies on healthy individuals indicate that entrainment to pleasant musical rhythm can be more beneficial for gait facilitation than entrainment to isochronous rhythm, potentially as a function of emotional/motivational responses to music and their associated influence on motor function. Here, we sought to investigate how emotional attributes of music and isochronous cues influence stride and arm swing amplitude in people with PD. A within-subjects experimental trial was completed with persons with PD serving as their own controls. Twenty-three individuals with PD walked to the cue of self-chosen pleasant music cue, pitch-distorted unpleasant music, and an emotionally neutral isochronous drumbeat. All music cues were tempo-matched to individual walking pace at baseline. Greater gait velocity, stride length, arm swing peak velocity and arm swing range of motion (RoM) were found when patients walked to pleasant music cues compared to baseline, walking to unpleasant music, and walking to isochronous cues. Cued walking in general marginally increased variability of stride-to-stride time and length compared with uncued walking. Enhanced stride and arm swing amplitude were most strongly associated with increases in perceived enjoyment and pleasant musical emotions such as power, tenderness, and joyful activation. Musical pleasure contributes to improvement of stride and arm swing amplitude in people with PD, independent of perceived familiarity with music, cognitive demands of music listening, and beat salience. Our findings aid in understanding the role of musical pleasure in invigorating gait in PD, and inform novel approaches for restoring or compensating impaired motor circuits.
节奏性听觉提示（如节拍器和/或音乐）对步行的诱导作用（entrainment）可改善帕金森病（PD）患者的步态。针对健康个体的研究表明，与等时节奏相比，对愉快音乐节奏的诱导作用更有利于步态的改善，这可能是由于对音乐的情绪/动机反应及其对运动功能的相关影响。在这里，我们试图研究音乐的情绪属性和等时提示如何影响 PD 患者的步幅和手臂摆动幅度。通过一项个体内实验试验，PD 患者自身作为对照完成了试验。23 名 PD 患者在选择的愉快音乐提示、音高失真的不愉快音乐和情绪中性的等时鼓声的提示下行走。所有音乐提示都与个体的基线行走速度相匹配。与基线、不愉快音乐和等时提示相比，当患者跟随愉快音乐提示时，其步行速度、步幅长度、手臂摆动峰值速度和手臂摆动运动范围（RoM）都有所增加。与无提示行走相比，提示行走通常会略微增加步长时间和长度的变异性。增强的步幅和手臂摆动幅度与感知到的享受以及愉快的音乐情绪（如力量、温柔和欢快的激活）等因素的增加密切相关。音乐愉悦感有助于改善 PD 患者的步幅和手臂摆动幅度，而与音乐的熟悉程度、音乐聆听的认知需求和节拍的突出性无关。我们的研究结果有助于理解音乐愉悦感在增强 PD 步态中的作用，并为恢复或补偿受损的运动回路提供新的方法。
