State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Essays Biochem. 2020 Dec 7;64(6):931-945. doi: 10.1042/EBC20200029.
Precursor RNAs undergo extensive processing to become mature RNAs. RNA transcripts are subjected to 5' capping, 3'-end processing, splicing, and modification; they also form dynamic secondary structures during co-transcriptional and post-transcriptional processing. Like coding RNAs, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) undergo extensive processing. For example, secondary small interfering RNA (siRNA) transcripts undergo RNA processing, followed by further cleavage to become mature siRNAs. Transcriptome studies have revealed roles for co-transcriptional and post-transcriptional RNA processing in the regulation of gene expression and the coordination of plant development and plant-environment interactions. In this review, we present the latest progress on RNA processing in gene expression and discuss phased siRNAs (phasiRNAs), a kind of germ cell-specific secondary small RNA (sRNA), focusing on their functions in plant development and environmental responses.
前体 RNA 经历广泛的加工过程以成为成熟的 RNA。RNA 转录本经历 5' 加帽、3' 端加工、剪接和修饰；它们在共转录和转录后加工过程中也形成动态的二级结构。与编码 RNA 一样，非编码 RNA (ncRNA) 也经历广泛的加工。例如，二级小干扰 RNA (siRNA) 转录本经历 RNA 加工，然后进一步切割成为成熟的 siRNA。转录组研究揭示了共转录和转录后 RNA 加工在基因表达调控以及植物发育和植物-环境相互作用协调中的作用。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了基因表达中转录后 RNA 加工的最新进展，并讨论了相分期 siRNA (phasiRNAs)，一种特定于生殖细胞的二级小 RNA (sRNA)，重点介绍它们在植物发育和环境响应中的功能。
