Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2020 Nov 20;36Suppl 2(Suppl 2):e00215720. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00215720. eCollection 2020.
Neglected tropical diseases constitute a heterogeneous group of diseases that have as a common characteristic to affect poor and unassisted populations with little vocalization capacity and political power. As a result, they receive little attention from the pharmaceutical industry and academia. The present study aimed to summarize the state of the art regarding vaccine development for three relevant neglected tropical diseases in Brazil: Chagas disease, schistosomiasis (Schistosoma mansoni), and leishmaniasis. To this end, we conducted a narrative review of the scientific literature, including publications that allowed us to outline a current overview on the vaccine development for the three diseases. Vaccines against the three diseases are in different stages of development. Vaccine development projects against American trypanosomiasis have yet to reach the clinical evaluation phase. For schistosomiasis, we have candidates for the vaccine in the advanced phase of clinical evaluation. For leishmaniasis, there are already licensed veterinary vaccines, and product candidates for human vaccine in the intermediate stage of clinical evaluation. The reduced funding for these projects has contributed to slow product development.
被忽视的热带病是一组具有异质性的疾病，它们的共同特征是影响缺乏支持、发声能力弱和政治权力小的贫困人群。因此，它们很少受到制药业和学术界的关注。本研究旨在总结巴西三种相关被忽视热带病（恰加斯病、血吸虫病[曼氏血吸虫]和利什曼病）疫苗开发的最新进展。为此，我们对科学文献进行了叙述性综述，包括使我们能够概述三种疾病疫苗开发现状的出版物。针对这三种疾病的疫苗处于不同的开发阶段。针对美洲锥虫病的疫苗开发项目尚未进入临床评估阶段。对于血吸虫病，我们有候选疫苗处于临床评估的高级阶段。对于利什曼病，已经有用于兽医的疫苗获得许可，还有用于人类疫苗的候选产品处于临床评估的中间阶段。这些项目资金减少导致产品开发缓慢。
