Zhang Meng, Lv Ying, Xu Zhanglian, Wang Sheng, Wang Jie
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology, and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, No. 18, 2nd East Dianzi Road, Xi'an 710065, Shaanxi, China.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Nov 23;13(22):5305. doi: 10.3390/ma13225305.
Recovery of platinum group metals (PGMs: Pd, Ru, Rh), Cs, Se, and Te from molten borosilicate glass containing simulated high level radwaste through the combination of liquid metal extraction and phase separation method under reductive heat-treatment was studied. In this process, the PGMs were extracted in recovered liquid metal phase, where Sb and Bi metals were used as the collecting metals. Meanwhile, Cs, Se, and Te were enriched in the phase separated potassium-rich materials on glass surface, which were extracted by water. The type of liquid metals had profound influence on the extraction behaviors of PGMs and other fission products from the glass melt. As a result, except the near extraction efficiency of Pd, Sb showed higher affinity for Ru and Rh than Bi metal. The higher phase separation efficiency of potassium-rich materials led to the higher extraction efficiencies of Cs, Se, and Te in liquid Sb extraction than Bi. Among the examined conditions, using liquid Sb extraction, the Pd, Ru, and Rh extraction efficiencies were 78.6%, 62.1% and 100% in liquid Sb metal phase, and 93.76% of Cs, 60.4% of Se, and 23.65% of Te in leachate were obtained.
研究了在还原热处理条件下，通过液态金属萃取与相分离方法相结合，从含有模拟高放废物的熔融硼硅酸盐玻璃中回收铂族金属（PGMs：钯、钌、铑）、铯、硒和碲。在此过程中，PGMs被萃取到回收的液态金属相中，其中锑和铋金属用作收集金属。同时，铯、硒和碲富集在玻璃表面相分离的富钾物质中，用水将其萃取出来。液态金属的类型对PGMs和其他裂变产物从玻璃熔体中的萃取行为有深远影响。结果表明，除钯的萃取效率相近外，锑对钌和铑的亲和力高于铋金属。富钾物质较高的相分离效率导致在液态锑萃取中铯、硒和碲的萃取效率高于铋。在所研究的条件下，采用液态锑萃取时，液态锑金属相中钯、钌和铑的萃取效率分别为78.6%、62.1%和100%，浸出液中铯的萃取率为93.76%、硒为60.4%、碲为23.65%。
