Rettwitz W, Kachel W, Arnold D
Universitäts-Kinderklinik Mannheim.
Z Geburtshilfe Perinatol. 1987 Sep-Oct;191(5):206-11.
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn (PPHN) is due to a defect in the adaptation of pulmonary resistance. The primary form occurs idiopathically, with meconium aspiration syndrome and with hypoplasia of the lung and is characterised by excessive muscular hyperplasia of pulmonary arteries. Secondary PPHN following hypoxia, septicaemia and shock is due to pulmonary vasoconstriction whereby thromboxane, leukotrienes and prostaglandins play a decisive role. Diseases of the pulmonary parenchyma and congenital cardiac malformations have to be excluded. The increased pulmonary resistance can be demonstrated by two-dimensional cardiography. The therapy consists of hyperventilation and tolazoline, which can be complicated by severe side-effects. High frequency oscillation and jet-ventilation are employed experimentally, Extracorporeal Membranoxygenation is a promising new method.
新生儿持续性肺动脉高压（PPHN）是由于肺循环阻力适应缺陷所致。原发性PPHN病因不明，可伴有胎粪吸入综合征及肺发育不全，其特征为肺动脉肌层过度增生。继发于缺氧、败血症和休克的PPHN是由肺血管收缩引起的，其中血栓素、白三烯和前列腺素起决定性作用。必须排除肺实质疾病和先天性心脏畸形。二维心动图可显示肺循环阻力增加。治疗方法包括过度通气和使用妥拉唑啉，但可能会出现严重的副作用。高频振荡通气和喷射通气正在进行实验应用，体外膜肺氧合是一种有前景的新方法。
