Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway.
Department for Terrestrial Ecology, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Postboks 5685, Sluppen, Trondheim 7485, Norway.
Res Vet Sci. 2021 Mar;135:517-522. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.11.010. Epub 2020 Nov 19.
Echinococcus spp. have a global distribution and are found on every continent except Antarctica. Infections with these parasites are considered extremely serious, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality in addition to substantial economic losses to the livestock industry. Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) and Echinococcus multilocularis, causing cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE) respectively, are the two main species of interest from a human and veterinary perspective. This review collates the current state-of-the-art understanding of these two parasites within four key areas of relevance to human and veterinary professionals: transmission and epidemiology, clinical signs and pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment and prevention. This review should serve as a broad introduction to the most important Echinococcus spp. The reader is advised to seek out specific literature on individual diseases and their causative parasites for a deeper understanding.
细粒棘球绦虫属分布广泛，除南极洲外，在各大洲均有发现。感染这些寄生虫被认为是极其严重的，除了给畜牧业带来巨大的经济损失外，还会导致严重的发病率和死亡率。细粒棘球绦虫（广义）和多房棘球绦虫分别引起囊型棘球蚴病（CE）和泡型棘球蚴病（AE），是从人类和兽医角度来看最重要的两个物种。本综述汇集了目前对这两种寄生虫在四个与人类和兽医专业人员相关的关键领域的最新认识：传播和流行病学、临床症状和发病机制、诊断、治疗和预防。本综述旨在对最重要的细粒棘球绦虫属进行广泛介绍。建议读者查阅有关个别疾病及其病原体的具体文献，以获得更深入的了解。
