Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, Univ. Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France.
INRAE, UR 1052, Unité de Génétique et d'Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, BP 94, F-84143 Montfavet, France.
Trends Plant Sci. 2021 Mar;26(3):260-271. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.11.002. Epub 2020 Nov 25.
Nectar is the most important reward offered by flowering plants to pollinators for pollination services. Since pollinator decline has emerged as a major threat for agriculture, and the food demand is growing globally, studying the nectar gland is of utmost importance. Although the genetic mechanisms that control the development of angiosperm flowers have been quite well understood for many years, the development and maturation of the nectar gland and the secretion of nectar in synchrony with the maturation of the sexual organs appears to be one of the flower's best-kept secrets. Here we review key findings controlling these processes. We also raise key questions that need to be addressed to develop crop ecological functions that take into consideration pollinators' needs.
花蜜是开花植物为传粉者提供的最重要的报酬，以换取传粉服务。由于传粉者减少已经成为农业的主要威胁，而且全球的粮食需求正在增长，因此研究花蜜腺至关重要。尽管控制被子植物花发育的遗传机制已经被很好地理解了很多年，但花蜜腺的发育和成熟以及与性器官成熟同步分泌花蜜似乎是花朵的最大秘密之一。在这里，我们回顾了控制这些过程的关键发现。我们还提出了需要解决的关键问题，以开发考虑到传粉者需求的作物生态功能。
