Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2021 Apr;44:48-54. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2020.11.002. Epub 2020 Nov 25.
Microbes (fungi, bacteria and viruses) living within flowers are hypothesized to affect pollination. We evaluate current support for this idea at each stage of the pollination process. Evidence to date is convincing that microbes influence pollinator attraction, but data are heavily weighted toward bumblebees and the effects of nectar yeasts. Effects of microbes on the efficacy of pollinator visits is understudied and variable outcomes from field studies suggest quality of pollinator visits, not only quantity, are likely involved. The effect of microbes on pollen performance is underappreciated. Beyond the effect of pathogenic viruses, the impacts of pollen-transmitted endophytic microbes on pollen viability or tube growth are unknown but could affect the outcome of pollen receipt. Future research integrating microbes into pollination should broaden taxonomic diversity of microbes, pollinators and plants and the processes under study.
生活在花内的微生物（真菌、细菌和病毒）被认为会影响授粉。我们在授粉过程的每个阶段评估这一观点的现有支持证据。迄今为止，有证据表明微生物会影响传粉者的吸引力，但数据主要集中在熊蜂和花蜜酵母的影响上。微生物对传粉者访问有效性的影响研究较少，而且来自野外研究的不同结果表明，不仅涉及传粉者访问的数量，还涉及质量。微生物对花粉性能的影响被低估了。除了致病性病毒的影响外，花粉传播的内生微生物对花粉活力或花粉管生长的影响尚不清楚，但可能会影响花粉接收的结果。未来将微生物纳入授粉研究的工作应拓宽研究中微生物、传粉者和植物的分类多样性以及过程。
