Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Drugs Aging. 2021 Jan;38(1):75-87. doi: 10.1007/s40266-020-00820-8. Epub 2020 Nov 30.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Medication review is an important component of the management of older hospital patients. Deprescribing (supervised withdrawal of inappropriate medicines) is one outcome of review. This study aimed to iteratively develop and test the usability of deprescribing guides, which support multidisciplinary clinicians to reduce inappropriate polypharmacy in older inpatients. METHODS: Deprescribing guides for hospital clinicians were developed using a novel mixed-methods, ten-step process. Iterative development and usability testing were applied. This included content development through review of the literature; expert consensus through five rounds of feedback using a modified Delphi approach; and usability testing by 16 multidisciplinary hospital clinicians on hypothetical clinical scenarios involving observations, semi-structured interviews, and administration of the System Usability Scale. RESULTS: This novel process was used to develop deprescribing guides that facilitate implementation of evidence on deprescribing in routine hospital care. The guides present evidence-based information in a format that aligns with workflows of multidisciplinary hospital clinicians. The guides were adapted for various clinical roles to navigate efficiently to suit differing workflow needs. Guides include unique communication support in the form of "preferred language". Clinicians can use the "preferred language" to apply the evidence to the individual patient and relay decisions between health providers and with patients/carers. The total System Usability Scale score was 80.6 ± 2.0 (mean ± standard error of the mean), indicating excellent usability. Guides have been developed using consistent format for nine medication classes that are common targets for deprescribing and are publicly available. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a novel approach to the development and implementation of evidence-based recommendations that support deprescribing in routine hospital care.
背景/目的:药物审查是管理老年住院患者的重要组成部分。减少用药(监督不适当药物的停用)是审查的一个结果。本研究旨在迭代开发和测试减少用药指南的可用性,这些指南支持多学科临床医生减少老年住院患者中不适当的多种药物治疗。
方法:使用一种新的混合方法、十步过程开发了针对医院临床医生的减少用药指南。应用了迭代开发和可用性测试。这包括通过文献回顾进行内容开发;通过使用改良 Delphi 方法进行五轮反馈来获得专家共识;以及由 16 名多学科医院临床医生对涉及观察、半结构化访谈和系统可用性量表管理的假设临床情况进行测试。
结果:该新过程用于开发促进将减少用药证据实施于常规医院护理中的减少用药指南。该指南以与多学科医院临床医生工作流程一致的格式提供基于证据的信息。指南为各种临床角色进行了改编,以有效地导航以适应不同的工作流程需求。指南包括以“首选语言”形式的独特沟通支持。临床医生可以使用“首选语言”将证据应用于个体患者,并在医疗保健提供者之间以及与患者/照顾者之间传达决策。系统可用性量表的总分为 80.6±2.0(平均值±标准误差),表明可用性极佳。针对常见减少用药目标的九种药物类别,使用一致的格式开发了指南,并且这些指南是公开的。
结论:本研究展示了一种开发和实施支持常规医院护理中减少用药的基于证据的推荐的新方法。
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