[Diagnostic and prognostic value of peripheral lymphocyte subtyping for invasive candidiasis infection in critically ill patients with non-neutropenic sepsis].

To assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of lymphocyte subtyping for invasive candidiasis infection (ICI) in critically ill patients with non-neutropenic sepsis. A prospective observational cohort study was performed at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), 377 patients with non-neutropenic sepsis admitted to Department of Critical Care Medicine from January 2017 to November 2019 were enrolled. There were 9.0% (34/377) patients diagnosed as ICI. Vital signs, supportive care therapy and microbiological specimens were collected. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subtypes, serum globulin, complements, inflammatory factors such as interleukin(IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor were detected within 24 hours after sepsis was diagnosed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value and prognostic significance of immunological indicators for ICI. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors for ICI. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to analyze survival. The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score was 17.0 (13.0, 21.0) in all 377 patients. The sequential organ failure score (SOFA) was 11.0 (8.0, 13.0), and the 28-day mortality rate was 27.6% (104/377). Peripheral blood CD8absolute T lymphocyte count≤177 cells/μl, CD28CD8T-cell count≤81 cells/μl and 1, 3-β-D-glucan (BDG) ≥88.20 ng/L were closely correlated with the diagnosis of ICI (AUC=0.793,95 0.749-0.833,0.000 1;AUC=0.892,95 0.856-0.921, 0.000 1;AUC=0.761, 95 0.715-0.803,0.000 1, respectively), with sensitivity of diagnosis 94.12%, 100.00%, and 88.24%; the specificity of diagnosis 81.34%, 62.39%, 63.56% respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified CD8T-cell count≤139 cells/μl (7.463, 95 1.300-42.831, 0.024) and CD28CD8T-cell counts≤52 cells/μl (57.494, 95 3.986-829.359, 0.003) as independent risk factors for higher mortality. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis suggested that CD8T-cell count ≤139 cells/μl (0.0159) and CD28CD8T-cell count≤52 cells/μl (0.000 1) were associated with higher mortality within 28 days (68.8%, 91.7%). Low CD28CD8T cell count in peripheral blood is closely related to the development and clinical outcome of ICI in sepsis patients, which could be used as an effective indicator for the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of ICI.