伊朗德黑兰医疗保健中心成年人心血管疾病相关知识、态度和行为
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Cardiovascular Diseases in Adults Attending Health Care Centers in Tehran, Iran.
作者信息
Koohi Fatemeh, Khalili Davood
机构信息
Student Research Committee, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Oct 1;18(3):e101612. doi: 10.5812/ijem.101612. eCollection 2020 Jul.
BACKGROUND
Studies on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) can be valuable for public health to help in developing targeted educational programs and assessing the effectiveness of interventional programs.
OBJECTIVES
This study was designed to determine the level of current knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), CVD risk factors and symptoms in adults attending health care centers in Tehran province.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was performed using a self-administered questionnaire with score of 0 - 100 on adults aged > 20 years attending ten health care centers in Tehran province, Iran. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used in data analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 300 adults (51.3% females) with a mean age of 39.71 ± 12.1 years participated in this study. The median (IQR) score for knowledge about CVD was 91.7 (16.7); approximately 80% of respondents' awareness was highly satisfactory and hypertension was the commonest identified risk factor followed by obesity. Furthermore, the median (IQR) score for attitude was 89 (18); 70% of respondents had a highly satisfactory attitude about CVD. Regarding physical activity and nutrition/smoking behaviors, just 10.7% and 32% had highly satisfactory behavior, respectively. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, attending university education and age ≥ 40 years were independent factors of a better level of CVD knowledge; attending university education, and having a family history of chronic disease were independent factors of a better level of CVD attitude. Regarding a higher physical activity behavior, being a man, and for a better nutrition & smoking behavior, attending university education were the only independent factors.
CONCLUSIONS
Although more than half of the current study participants had high knowledge and attitude about CVD, their behaviors is not satisfactory. Therefore, it is necessary to establish more effective educational interventions aimed at promoting positive health behaviors and explaining to the public that knowledge and action regarding the reduction of risk factors are linked to reduced CVD and mortality.
背景
知识、态度和行为（KAP）研究对公共卫生具有重要价值，有助于制定针对性的教育项目并评估干预项目的效果。
目的
本研究旨在确定德黑兰省医疗保健中心成年人群对心血管疾病（CVD）、CVD危险因素及症状的当前知识、态度和行为水平。
方法
采用自填式问卷对伊朗德黑兰省10家医疗保健中心年龄大于20岁的成年人进行横断面研究，问卷得分范围为0至100分。数据分析采用描述性和多变量逻辑回归分析。
结果
共有300名成年人（51.3%为女性）参与本研究，平均年龄为39.71±12.1岁。关于CVD知识的中位数（四分位间距）得分为91.7（16.7）；约80%的受访者认知度非常令人满意，高血压是最常见的已识别危险因素，其次是肥胖。此外，态度的中位数（四分位间距）得分为89（18）；70%的受访者对CVD持非常令人满意的态度。在身体活动和营养/吸烟行为方面，分别只有10.7%和32%的行为非常令人满意。在多变量逻辑回归分析中，接受大学教育和年龄≥40岁是CVD知识水平较高的独立因素；接受大学教育和有慢性病家族史是CVD态度水平较高的独立因素。关于更高的身体活动行为，男性以及关于更好的营养和吸烟行为，接受大学教育是唯一的独立因素。
结论
尽管本研究中超过一半的参与者对CVD有较高的知识和态度，但他们的行为并不令人满意。因此，有必要建立更有效的教育干预措施，以促进积极的健康行为，并向公众解释关于降低危险因素的知识和行动与降低CVD及死亡率相关。
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