Arianfar Elaheh, Shahgordi Sanaz, Memarian Ali
Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Int Rev Immunol. 2021;40(3):197-216. doi: 10.1080/08830185.2020.1845670. Epub 2020 Dec 1.
As the most important innate immune component cancers invader, natural killer (NK) cells have a magnificent role in antitumor immunity without any prior sensitization. Different subsets of NK cells have distinct responses during tumor cell exposure, according to their phenotypes and environments. Their function is induced mainly by the activity of both inhibitory and activating receptors against cancerous cells. Since the immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer patients has directly deteriorated the phenotype and disturbed the function of NK cells, recruiting compensatory mechanisms indicate promising outcomes for immunotherapeutic approaches. These evidences accentuate the importance of NK cell distinct features in protection against breast tumors. In this review, we discuss the several mechanisms involved in NK cells suppression which consequently promote tumor progression and disease recurrence in patients with breast cancer.
作为抵御癌症侵袭的最重要的先天性免疫成分，自然杀伤（NK）细胞在无需任何预先致敏的情况下，在抗肿瘤免疫中发挥着重要作用。根据其表型和所处环境，不同亚群的NK细胞在接触肿瘤细胞时会有不同反应。它们的功能主要由针对癌细胞的抑制性和激活性受体的活性诱导产生。由于乳腺癌患者肿瘤微环境中的免疫抑制直接使NK细胞的表型恶化并扰乱其功能，因此招募代偿机制对免疫治疗方法而言显示出有望取得的成果。这些证据凸显了NK细胞独特特征在预防乳腺肿瘤方面的重要性。在本综述中，我们讨论了几种参与NK细胞抑制的机制，这些机制进而促进了乳腺癌患者的肿瘤进展和疾病复发。
