Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Genes (Basel). 2020 Nov 27;11(12):1417. doi: 10.3390/genes11121417.
Tetraploid plants often have altered rates of vegetative growth relative to their diploid progenitors. However, the molecular basis for altered growth rates remains a mystery. This study reports microRNA (miRNA) and gene expression differences in tetraploids and counterpart diploids using RNA and miRNA sequencing. The results showed that there was no significant difference between young leaves in the expression of vegetative growth-related miRNAs. However, as leaves aged, the expression of auxin- and gibberellin-related miRNAs was significantly upregulated, while the expression of senescence-related miRNAs was significantly downregulated. The dose effect enhanced the negative regulation of the target genes with , , , and being downregulated, and and being upregulated. As a result, the chloroplast degradation of tetraploid leaves was accelerated, the photosynthetic rate was decreased, and the synthesis and decomposition ability of carbohydrate was decreased.
四倍体植物的营养生长速率通常与其二倍体祖先不同。然而，生长速率改变的分子基础仍是一个谜。本研究使用 RNA 和 miRNA 测序报告了四倍体和相应二倍体之间的 miRNA 和基因表达差异。结果表明，年轻叶片中与营养生长相关的 miRNA 表达没有显著差异。然而，随着叶片衰老，生长素和赤霉素相关 miRNA 的表达显著上调，而衰老相关 miRNA 的表达显著下调。剂量效应增强了 、 、 和 下调以及 和 上调的靶基因的负调控。结果，四倍体叶片的叶绿体降解加速，光合速率降低，碳水化合物的合成和分解能力降低。
