John Curtin School of Medical Research, ANU College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Drug Metab Rev. 2021 Feb;53(1):76-99. doi: 10.1080/03602532.2020.1858857. Epub 2020 Dec 28.
Drug metabolizing enzymes catalyze the biotransformation of many of drugs and chemicals. The drug metabolizing enzymes are distributed among several evolutionary families and catalyze a range of detoxication reactions, including oxidation/reduction, conjugative, and hydrolytic reactions that serve to detoxify potentially toxic compounds. This detoxication function requires that drug metabolizing enzymes exhibit substrate promiscuity. In addition to their catalytic functions, many drug metabolizing enzymes possess functions unrelated to or in addition to catalysis. Such proteins are termed 'moonlighting proteins' and are defined as proteins with multiple biochemical or biophysical functions that reside in a single protein. This review discusses the diverse moonlighting functions of drug metabolizing enzymes and the roles they play in physiological functions relating to reproduction, vision, cell signaling, cancer, and transport. Further research will likely reveal new examples of moonlighting functions of drug metabolizing enzymes.
药物代谢酶催化许多药物和化学物质的生物转化。药物代谢酶分布在几个进化家族中，催化一系列解毒反应，包括氧化/还原、结合和水解反应，这些反应有助于解毒潜在的有毒化合物。这种解毒功能要求药物代谢酶表现出底物的混杂性。除了催化功能外，许多药物代谢酶还具有与催化无关或额外的功能。这类蛋白质被称为“多功能蛋白”，它们被定义为具有多种生化或生物物理功能的蛋白质，存在于单一蛋白质中。本文讨论了药物代谢酶的多种多功能蛋白功能及其在与生殖、视觉、细胞信号转导、癌症和运输相关的生理功能中的作用。进一步的研究可能会发现药物代谢酶的多功能蛋白功能的新例子。
