Mirauda Domenica, Pannone Marilena, De Vincenzo Annamaria
School of Engineering, Basilicata University, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
Entropy (Basel). 2018 Jan 17;20(1):69. doi: 10.3390/e20010069.
The three-dimensional structure of river flow and the presence of secondary currents, mainly near walls, often cause the maximum cross-sectional velocity to occur below the free surface, which is known as the "dip" phenomenon. The present study proposes a theoretical model derived from the entropy theory to predict the velocity dip position along with the corresponding velocity value. Field data, collected at three ungauged sections located along the Alzette river in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and at three gauged sections located along three large rivers in Basilicata (southern Italy), were used to test its validity. The results show that the model is in good agreement with the experimental measurements and, when compared with other models documented in the literature, yields the least percentage error.
河流流动的三维结构以及二次流的存在（主要在靠近河岸处），常常导致最大横截面流速出现在自由水面以下，这一现象被称为“凹陷”现象。本研究提出了一个基于熵理论的理论模型，用于预测流速凹陷位置及其相应的流速值。利用在卢森堡大公国阿尔泽特河沿岸三个无测流断面以及意大利南部巴斯利卡塔地区三条大河沿岸三个有测流断面收集的现场数据来检验该模型的有效性。结果表明，该模型与实验测量结果吻合良好，并且与文献中记载的其他模型相比，产生的百分比误差最小。
