Bray G A
Section of Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, University of Southern California, USC School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
Int J Obes. 1987;11 Suppl 3:83-95.
This overview of nutrient balance suggests the following general conclusions. Nutrient balance is in part regulated by the two limbs of the autonomic nervous system. Hypothalamic and genetic obesity are associated with lower levels of sympathetic activity. Conversely the reduced weight of animals with lateral hypothalamic lesions is associated with increased sympathetic activity. Thus the activity of the sympathetic nervous system appears to be inversely related to energy stores. The levels of hormones such as insulin, adrenal steroids, gonadal steroids and growth hormone play an important role in modulating nutrient intake and storage. The data seem to fit the hypothesis that nutrient stores are regulated systems with afferent feedback systems acting on a central controller which regulates intake, storage and metabolism of nutrients through modulation of the autonomic nervous system and motor control of food seeking.
这种营养平衡概述得出以下一般结论。营养平衡部分受自主神经系统的两个分支调节。下丘脑性肥胖和遗传性肥胖与较低水平的交感神经活动相关。相反，下丘脑外侧损伤动物体重减轻与交感神经活动增加相关。因此，交感神经系统的活动似乎与能量储备呈负相关。胰岛素、肾上腺类固醇、性腺类固醇和生长激素等激素水平在调节营养摄入和储存方面发挥重要作用。这些数据似乎符合这样的假设，即营养储备是受调节的系统，具有传入反馈系统作用于中央控制器，该控制器通过调节自主神经系统和觅食的运动控制来调节营养物质的摄入、储存和代谢。
