Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Parasitology, İzmir, Turkey.
Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2020 Dec 2;44(4):258-260. doi: 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2020.7221.
causes rhinosporidiosis, which is manifested as tumor-like polyps developing primarily in the nostrils and conjunctiva in human and animals. This disease is characterized by the presence of large, round-shaped mature stage and small endospores with resistance to culturing. was first reported in 1900 as a sporozoan parasite, but later classified as a lower fungi, although its morphological similarity with aquatic parasites were also noticed. According to 18S small-subunit ribosomal DNA sequencing, belongs to a group of fish parasite DRIP clade located between the animal and fungal divergence. Histological examination is thus necessary for the definitive diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis, and the first line of treatment is usually total surgical excision and electro-cauterization of the polyp base. Among the drug therapies attempted, remission has been reported in some patients who received only Dapson treatment. This disease is endemic across India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka and occurs sporadically in other parts of The World with a common history of patients bathing in stagnant water. An outbreak in Serbia during 1992-1995 and 5 rhinosporidiosis cases from Turkey have been reported until date. Considering that rhinosporidiosis is associated with exposure to water and the agent belongs to a branch of aquatic parasites, it has been proposed that aquatic animals are the natural hosts and that the mammalian hosts acquire infection by contacting contaminated water. Therefore, there is a need for the investigation of the infection in fish besides mammalian animals as reservoirs as well as to conduct screening of antiparasitic drugs with infected fish or infected cell lines with the nearest phylogenetic relatives of .
导致类鼻疽，主要表现为人类和动物鼻内和结膜的肿瘤样息肉。这种疾病的特征是存在大型圆形成熟阶段和具有抗培养能力的小型内孢子。它于 1900 年首次被报道为一种孢子虫寄生虫，但后来被归类为低等真菌，尽管它与水生寄生虫的形态相似也引起了注意。根据 18S 小亚基核糖体 DNA 测序，属于鱼类寄生虫 DRIP 分支群，位于动物和真菌分化之间。因此，组织学检查对于类鼻疽的明确诊断是必要的，一线治疗通常是息肉基底的完全手术切除和电灼。在尝试的药物治疗中，一些接受 Dapson 单一治疗的患者有缓解的报道。这种疾病在印度、巴基斯坦和斯里兰卡流行，在世界其他地区也偶有发生，患者常有在静止水中洗澡的共同病史。1992-1995 年塞尔维亚爆发，迄今为止已报告了 5 例来自土耳其的类鼻疽病例。鉴于类鼻疽与接触水有关，且该病原体属于水生寄生虫的一个分支，因此有人提出水生动物是其自然宿主，哺乳动物宿主通过接触受污染的水而感染。因此，除了作为宿主的哺乳动物外，还需要对鱼类进行感染调查，以及对受感染的鱼类或与亲缘关系最近的感染细胞系进行抗寄生虫药物筛选。
