Spauwen P H, Brown I F, Sauër E W, Klasen H J
Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 1987;21(3):253-5. doi: 10.3109/02844318709086453.
Fingernail deformities after thermal injury can be very disfiguring and troublesome. The fingernails may be discoloured, cleft or vertically deviated. From the pathophysiology of the nail growth in general, the specific features of the nail deformities after deep burn can be deduced, as can guidelines for the treatment. Over a two-year period, 153 patients with burned hands were treated in the Groningen Burn Centre. Seven of these patients developed abnormal quality and growth pattern of the fingernails. In two patients an effort was made to correct the deformity by incising the dorsal skin at the base of the nail fold, reflecting the nail fold and covering the acquired defect with a full thickness skin graft. Although the patients were satisfied with the results achieved, one year after the operation little or no improvement in the nail growth was found. A cautious policy should be followed in correcting these deformities, since dislocation of the eponychium together with damage to the nail matrix and the nail bed play a complex role in the process of deformation.
热损伤后的指甲畸形会非常影响美观且带来诸多困扰。指甲可能会变色、裂开或垂直偏离。从一般指甲生长的病理生理学角度，可以推断出深度烧伤后指甲畸形的具体特征以及治疗指南。在两年时间里，格罗宁根烧伤中心共治疗了153例手部烧伤患者。其中7例患者出现了指甲质量和生长模式异常。对2例患者尝试通过切开甲襞底部的背侧皮肤、翻转甲襞并用全厚皮片覆盖所形成的缺损来矫正畸形。尽管患者对取得的结果感到满意，但术后一年发现指甲生长几乎没有改善。矫正这些畸形时应遵循谨慎的策略，因为甲上皮脱位以及甲母质和甲床受损在变形过程中起着复杂的作用。
