避免疟疾支出：对加纳邦克普鲁古-纳卡潘杜里区玉米种植户劳动生产率的影响。
Averting expenditure on malaria: effects on labour productivity of maize farmers in Bunkpurugu-Nakpanduri District of Ghana.
机构信息
Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics. Faculty of Agribusiness and Applied Economics, University for Development Studies, Nyankpala Campus, Tamale, Ghana.
出版信息
Malar J. 2020 Dec 3;19(1):448. doi: 10.1186/s12936-020-03521-0.
BACKGROUND
Malaria has been one of the commonest diseases during farming season, which affects farmers' health resulting in a reduction in the number of days spent on the farm. As a result, farmers are regularly trying to avert malaria infection through preventive measures. Motivated by this argument, this study sought to determine the effects of malaria averting expenditure on labour productivity of maize farmers in Bunkpurugu-Nakpanduri District in the Northern Region of Ghana.
METHODS
A cross-sectional primary data was collected from 194 maize farmers. Both descriptive and quantitative data analysis approaches were employed. Conditional mixed process was used to estimate the effects of malaria prevention expenditure on maize farmers' labour productivity.
RESULTS
The study revealed that maize farmers incurred an average expenditure of GHc284.6 to prevent malaria annually. The result shows that factors that affect maize farmers' malaria prevention expenditure include off-farm income, household size, presence of bushes around houses, presence of pregnant women and number of household members in school. Meanwhile, quantity of fertilizer, seed, weedicides, farming experience, age, ownership of motorbike and averting expenditure are significant determinants of maize labour productivity. The study revealed that farmers who spend more money to avert malaria attack are more labour productive.
CONCLUSIONS
Therefore, this study recommends that Ministry of Health and Ministry of Food and Agriculture should collaborate and integrate health extension service on malaria in agricultural extension to educate farmers on the need to avert malaria. Farmers should be educated on malaria preventive strategies, such as clearing of bushes around houses, draining of stagnant water, sleeping in treated mosquito nets among others. Lastly, aside distribution of free mosquito nets to pregnant women, they should be subsidized and made available to all farmers for malaria prevention.
背景
疟疾是农忙季节最常见的疾病之一，它影响农民的健康，导致他们在农场工作的天数减少。因此，农民们一直在通过预防措施来避免疟疾感染。受此观点的启发，本研究旨在确定加纳北部邦克普鲁古-纳卡潘迪里地区玉米种植者为预防疟疾而支出的费用对其劳动生产力的影响。
方法
本研究从 194 名玉米种植者中收集了横截面的原始数据。采用描述性和定量数据分析方法。使用条件混合过程来估计预防疟疾支出对玉米种植者劳动生产力的影响。
结果
研究表明，玉米种植者每年平均花费 284.6 加纳塞地来预防疟疾。研究结果表明，影响玉米种植者预防疟疾支出的因素包括非农收入、家庭规模、房屋周围是否有灌木丛、是否有孕妇以及在校的家庭成员人数。同时，化肥、种子、除草剂、种植经验、年龄、是否拥有摩托车和预防支出是玉米劳动生产力的重要决定因素。研究表明，花费更多的钱来预防疟疾的农民劳动生产力更高。
结论
因此，本研究建议卫生部门和粮食与农业部门应合作，将疟疾防治纳入农业推广中的卫生推广服务，向农民宣传预防疟疾的必要性。应该向农民传授疟疾预防策略，例如清除房屋周围的灌木丛、排干死水、睡在经过处理的蚊帐中等。最后，除了向孕妇免费分发蚊帐外，还应向所有农民提供补贴并提供蚊帐，以预防疟疾。
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