Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
J Sci Food Agric. 2021 Jun;101(8):3413-3421. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.10971. Epub 2020 Dec 18.
In the present paper, a method for differentiation between common and spelt wheat grown in different farming systems (biodynamic, ecological, integrated, conventional), based on biomarkers identified from aqueous flour extracts (nitrogen and 14 soluble carbohydrates) was employed.
The identification and determination of soluble carbohydrate content were carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, with the UV spectrum generated by mass spectrometry for comparison with the WILEY database. Soluble carbohydrates were determined in the peak area between 21.92 and 43.63 min retention time. The obtained data set was analyzed by multivariate statistical techniques. It was revealed that common wheat exerted a much more pronounced tendency than spelt wheat to be influenced by the farming system.
This differentiation was particularly well visualized after subjecting the data set to principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). In the PCA graph, all spelt samples were positioned closer to the corresponding control sample, in contrast to the wheat samples, which were distributed over a huge area in the factor space. CA showed that the spelt samples grown under different farming systems were highly similar and grouped into one cluster. Common wheat samples cultivated under organic, biodynamic and integrated system were similar and represented the second cluster, whereas that cultivated under the conventional system was clearly separated from other samples. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
在本论文中，采用基于从水提面粉提取物（氮和 14 种可溶性碳水化合物）中鉴定出的生物标志物的方法，对不同农业系统（生物动力、生态、综合、常规）中种植的普通小麦和斯佩耳特小麦进行区分。
使用气相色谱-质谱法进行了可溶性碳水化合物的鉴定和定量，通过质谱产生的紫外光谱与 WILEY 数据库进行比较。在 21.92 和 43.63 min 保留时间之间的峰面积测定可溶性碳水化合物。通过多元统计技术对获得的数据组进行了分析。结果表明，普通小麦比斯佩耳特小麦更容易受到农业系统的影响。
在对数据集进行主成分分析（PCA）和聚类分析（CA）后，这种差异表现得尤为明显。在 PCA 图中，所有斯佩耳特小麦样品都更接近相应的对照样品，而不是小麦样品，这些小麦样品在因子空间中分布在很大的区域。CA 表明，在不同农业系统下种植的斯佩耳特小麦样品高度相似，并聚为一个群。在有机、生物动力和综合系统下种植的普通小麦样品相似，代表第二个群，而在常规系统下种植的普通小麦样品则与其他样品明显分离。© 2020 化学工业协会。
